Allman-Farinelli Margaret A
School of Molecular Bioscience, Charles Perkins Centre, D17, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2015 Sep 7;3(3):809-21. doi: 10.3390/healthcare3030809.
Young adulthood is a vulnerable period for weight gain and the health consequences of becoming obese during this life-stage of serious concern. Some unhealthy dietary habits are typical of young adults in many developed nations encountering the obesity epidemic. These include high sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, lower vegetable intake and greater consumption of foods prepared outside the home including fast foods. Each of these dietary behaviours may place young adults at increased risk for overweight and obesity. Evidence suggests many young adults with unhealthy nutrition behaviours are not considering nor preparing to make changes. To improve their nutrition and health as they progress through the lifecycle requires approaches specifically targeted to this age group. Strategies and programs should include both individual level and population approaches. The evidence base for prevention of weight gain and halting overweight and obesity in young adulthood is currently small with few studies of high quality. Studies modifying food environments in colleges and universities are also of limited quality, but sufficiently promising to conduct further research employing better, more sophisticated, study designs and additionally to include health outcome measures. More research into programs tailored to the needs of young adults is warranted with several studies already underway.
青年期是体重增加的脆弱时期，在此生命阶段肥胖对健康造成的后果令人严重关切。在许多遭遇肥胖流行问题的发达国家，一些不健康的饮食习惯在青年中很典型。这些习惯包括高糖饮料的大量饮用、蔬菜摄入量较低以及包括快餐在内的外出就餐食品的更多消费。这些饮食行为中的每一种都可能使年轻人超重和肥胖的风险增加。有证据表明，许多有不健康营养行为的年轻人既没有考虑也没有准备做出改变。为了在他们的生命周期中改善他们的营养和健康状况，需要针对这个年龄组的具体方法。策略和计划应包括个人层面和群体层面的方法。目前，预防青年期体重增加以及阻止超重和肥胖的证据基础很小，高质量的研究很少。改善高校食物环境的研究质量也有限，但前景足以令人采用更好、更复杂的研究设计进行进一步研究，并纳入健康结果指标。鉴于已经有几项研究正在进行，有必要对针对年轻人需求的计划开展更多研究。
