Carrillo Lizbeth, Sumano Héctor, Medina-Torres Luis, Tapia Graciela, Gutiérrez Lilia
Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología., Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Av. Universidad 3000, Delegación Coyoacán, 04360., México.
Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología., Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Av. Universidad 3000, Delegación Coyoacán, 04360., México
Poult Sci. 2016 Nov 1;95(11):2667-2672. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew209. Epub 2016 Jul 14.
The rheological properties of pooled tracheobronchial secretions (TBS) of chicken, including mucus, have not been characterized. Yet mucolytic drugs are frequently used in poultry medicine. To define such properties, TBS from healthy untreated and from chickens treated with various mucolytic drugs was studied. Three hundred, three-week-old Rhode Island Red chickens were divided into five groups, with three repetitions each (n = 20) as follows: ambroxol (GAmb), ethylene diamine dihydro-iodide (GEddi), carbocysteine (GCs), bromhexine (GBr), and an untreated control group (CG). Under anesthesia, samples of TBS were taken by gently flushing saline solution through the tracheobronchial tree, and rheological evaluations were made to determine viscosity, yield stress, and viscoelasticity by means of a rheometer using controlled efforts with a geometry system of concentric cylinders. It was found that TBS in the CG and in all treatments showed a non-Newtonian behavior (n < 1). TBS from all treatments possess yield stress (necessary force applied for a fluid to flow) and a pseudo-solid type behavior (viscoelastic test) as far as elasticity is concerned. TBS from treated animals revealed that yield stress was higher for the GBr and lowest for GAmb. Statistically significant differences in viscosity were observed among all treatments, including CG (P < 0.05). Considering yield stress, little effort would be required for respiratory cilia to displace TBS in ambroxol medicated chickens, followed by carbocysteine. Contrary to expectation, cilia from healthy chickens medicated with bromhexine or ethylene diamine dihydro-iodide, would require greater force to displace mucus as compared to untreated healthy birds.
鸡的气管支气管分泌物(TBS,包括黏液)的流变学特性尚未得到表征。然而,黏液溶解药物在禽类医学中却经常被使用。为了明确这些特性,我们研究了来自未接受治疗的健康鸡以及接受各种黏液溶解药物治疗的鸡的TBS。300只3周龄的罗德岛红鸡被分为五组,每组重复三次(n = 20),分组如下:氨溴索组(GAmb)、乙二胺二氢碘化物组(GEddi)、羧甲司坦组(GCs)、溴己新组(GBr)和未治疗的对照组(CG)。在麻醉状态下,通过向气管支气管树轻柔地冲洗生理盐水来采集TBS样本,并使用同心圆柱几何系统的流变仪通过控制作用力进行流变学评估,以确定黏度、屈服应力和黏弹性。结果发现,CG组和所有治疗组的TBS均表现出非牛顿流体行为(n < 1)。就弹性而言,所有治疗组的TBS都具有屈服应力(使流体流动所需施加的力)和假固体类型行为(黏弹性测试)。接受治疗动物的TBS显示,GBr组的屈服应力最高,GAmb组最低。在所有治疗组(包括CG组)之间观察到黏度存在统计学显著差异(P < 0.05)。考虑到屈服应力,氨溴索给药的鸡的呼吸道纤毛移动TBS所需的力较小,其次是羧甲司坦。与预期相反,用溴己新或乙二胺二氢碘化物给药的健康鸡的纤毛相比于未治疗的健康鸡,移动黏液需要更大的力。