小脑和脑干畸形
Cerebellar and Brainstem Malformations.
作者信息
Poretti Andrea, Boltshauser Eugen, Huisman Thierry A G M
机构信息
Section of Pediatric Neuroradiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children's Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Tower, Room 4174, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287-0842, USA; Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich 8032, Switzerland.
Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich 8032, Switzerland.
出版信息
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2016 Aug;26(3):341-57. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2016.03.005.
The frequency and importance of the evaluation of the posterior fossa have increased significantly over the past 20 years owing to advances in neuroimaging. Conventional and advanced neuroimaging techniques allow detailed evaluation of the complex anatomic structures within the posterior fossa. A wide spectrum of cerebellar and brainstem malformations has been shown. Familiarity with the spectrum of cerebellar and brainstem malformations and their well-defined diagnostic criteria is crucial for optimal therapy, an accurate prognosis, and correct genetic counseling. This article discusses cerebellar and brainstem malformations, with emphasis on neuroimaging findings (including diagnostic criteria), neurologic presentation, systemic involvement, prognosis, and recurrence.
在过去20年中，由于神经影像学的进展，后颅窝评估的频率和重要性显著增加。传统和先进的神经影像学技术能够对后颅窝内复杂的解剖结构进行详细评估。现已显示出各种各样的小脑和脑干畸形。熟悉小脑和脑干畸形的范围及其明确的诊断标准对于优化治疗、准确预后和正确的遗传咨询至关重要。本文讨论小脑和脑干畸形，重点是神经影像学表现（包括诊断标准）、神经系统表现、全身受累情况、预后和复发情况。
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