Heredia-Olivera Karen, Munares-García Oscar
Facultad de Medicina Humana "San Fernando", Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2016 Sep-Oct;54(5):562-7.
In Peru, low birth weight is an indicator of risk of perinatal problems and childhood, the study objective was to determine maternal factors associated to low birth weight.
Case-control study in 123 low birth weight (cases) and 123 normal-weight newborns (controls) matched for date of birth and district. Associated maternal factors were investigated to low birth weight and compared between cases and controls. Chi square was applied, Odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals at 95% (95% CI), binary logistic regression and ROC curve.
Partnerships for maternal history of low birth weight (OR: 41.1; 95 % CI: 5.5-306.7) were found; prematurity (OR: 12.0; 95% CI: 1.5-94.3), history of eclampsia (OR: 5.8; 95% CI: 1.9-17.4), one to three prenatal controls (OR: 5.7; 95% CI: 2.6-12.3), multiple gestation (OR: 4.7; 95% CI: 1.3-17.0) and tobacco consumption (OR: 3.8; 95 % CI: 1.5-9.8), not being a teenager (OR: 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.6), and not having a short birth interval (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.7). In multivariate analysis, we pointed out that having from 1 to 3 prenatal visits, multiple pregnancy, being a teenager and a short birth interval are associated with low birth weight, the proposed model explained 18.6% of the event, the area under the curve was 72.9%, considering that adequately predicts (p ˂ 0.001).
There are maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight in pregnant women in urban areas of the coast as having from 1 to 3 prenatal visits, multiple gestation, being a teenager and having a period between pregnancies shorter than two years.
在秘鲁，低出生体重是围产期问题和儿童期风险的一个指标，本研究的目的是确定与低出生体重相关的母亲因素。
采用病例对照研究，选取123例低出生体重儿（病例组）和123例出生体重正常的新生儿（对照组），两组按出生日期和地区进行匹配。对与低出生体重相关的母亲因素进行调查，并在病例组和对照组之间进行比较。应用卡方检验、95%置信区间的比值比（OR）、二元逻辑回归和ROC曲线。
发现母亲有低出生体重史（OR：41.1；95%CI：5.5 - 306.7）、早产（OR：12.0；95%CI：1.5 - 94.3）、子痫病史（OR：5.8；95%CI：1.9 - 17.4）、1至3次产前检查（OR：5.7；95%CI：2.6 - 12.3）、多胎妊娠（OR：4.7；95%CI：1.3 - 17.0）和吸烟（OR：3.8；95%CI：1.5 - 9.8）与低出生体重有关，非青少年（OR：0.3；95%CI：0.1 - 0.6）以及生育间隔短（OR：0.2；95%CI：0.1 - 0.7）与低出生体重无关。在多变量分析中，我们指出产前检查1至3次、多胎妊娠、青少年以及生育间隔短与低出生体重有关，所提出的模型解释了18.6%的事件，曲线下面积为72.9%，认为具有充分的预测能力（p＜0.001）。
在沿海城市地区的孕妇中，与低出生体重相关的母亲风险因素包括产前检查1至3次、多胎妊娠、青少年以及妊娠间隔短于两年。
