Runer Armin, Lampl Kathrin, Neunhäuserer Daniel, Runer Florian, Frick Nora, Seitlinger Gerd, Resch Herbert, Moroder Philipp
*Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; †Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; ‡University Institute for Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; §Hochzirl Hospital, Department of Neurology, Zirl, Austria; and ¶Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, General Hospital Oberndorf, Oberndorf, Austria.
Clin J Sport Med. 2017 Mar;27(2):161-167. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000326.
To describe rates, patterns, and causes of acute injuries in an increasingly popular outdoor sport.
Prospective cohort study.
One winter season ranging from November 2011 to March 2011.
Seventy ice climbers from 13 different countries and various performance levels.
Participants were asked to complete a monthly Internet-based survey regarding their completed hours of training and competitions and eventual sustained injuries.
During 4275 hours of ice climbing, 42 injuries occurred, of which 81.0% were defined as mild, 16.6% as moderate, and 2.4% as severe. The calculated injury rate was 9.8 injuries per 1000 hours of sports exposure. Intermediate ice climbers had a significantly higher injury risk compared with advanced ice climbers (odds ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence intervals, 1.17-5.54; P = 0.018). About 73.8% of all injuries occurred on a frozen waterfall, icicles, or icefalls, whereas 4.8% occurred on artificial ice walls. The head was the most injured body part (47.6%), followed by the knee (14.3%) and the shoulder (11.9%). The most common types of injuries were abrasions (38.1%), contusions (35.7%), and joint sprains (7.1%). Falling ice was the main circumstance leading to injury (59.5%). All athletes with a head injury wore a helmet; however, only 35.0% mentioned they used protective goggles.
Ice climbing is a sport with moderate risk for injury with most of the reported injuries being of minor severity. However, severe and fatal injuries, although less common, also occur. Advanced ice climbers with greater experience and skill level have a lower overall injury risk.
描述一项日益流行的户外运动中急性损伤的发生率、模式及原因。
前瞻性队列研究。
2011年11月至2011年3月的一个冬季。
来自13个不同国家、不同水平的70名冰攀者。
要求参与者每月完成一项基于网络的调查，内容包括他们的训练和比赛时长以及最终遭受的损伤情况。
在4275小时的冰攀过程中，发生了42起损伤，其中81.0%被定义为轻度，16.6%为中度，2.4%为重度。计算得出的损伤发生率为每1000小时运动暴露9.8起损伤。中级冰攀者与高级冰攀者相比，损伤风险显著更高（优势比，2.55；95%置信区间，1.17 - 5.54；P = 0.018）。约73.8%的损伤发生在结冰的瀑布、冰柱或冰瀑上，而4.8%发生在人工冰壁上。头部是受伤最严重的身体部位（47.6%），其次是膝盖（14.3%）和肩部（11.9%）。最常见的损伤类型是擦伤（38.1%）、挫伤（35.7%）和关节扭伤（7.1%）。掉落的冰块是导致损伤的主要情况（59.5%）。所有头部受伤的运动员都佩戴了头盔；然而，只有35.0%的人提到他们使用了护目镜。
冰攀是一项损伤风险适中的运动，大多数报告的损伤为轻度。然而，严重和致命的损伤虽然较少见，但也会发生。经验和技能水平更高的高级冰攀者总体损伤风险较低。
