Yiengprugsawan V, Horta B L, Motta J V S, Gigante D, Seubsman S-A, Sleigh A
Centre for Research on Ageing, Health & Wellbeing and National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Nutr Diabetes. 2016 Jul 18;6(7):e219. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.24.
Increase in body size has appeared as an epidemic in Western countries and is now rapidly emerging in low- and middle-income countries, contributing to the rise in non-communicable diseases worldwide. Brazil and Thailand have gone through similar economic and health transitions, and this unique comparative study investigates changes in body size (body mass index) in relation to socioeconomic status in two cohorts of similar age followed from 2004/2005 to 2012/2013. At 20-24 years of age, Pelotas cohort members had a much higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (20.7 and 8.6%) than the Thai cohort (6.0 and 1.7%); these proportions rose to 34.6% and 22.9% vs 15.8% and 5.1%, respectively, in their early 30s. An association between a higher socioeconomic status and increase in overweight and obesity was observed among males; but an inverse pattern was noted for females in both cohorts and remained statistically significant after 8 years of follow up. Our comparative longitudinal analyses highlight the relationship between two middle-income settings facing rapid increases in body size (2-3 fold increase in the rate of overweight and obesity). Long-term follow up and a lifecourse approach for effective prevention of obesity will minimize adverse health burdens in later life.
在西方国家，体型增长已成为一种流行病，如今在低收入和中等收入国家也迅速出现，这导致全球非传染性疾病的增加。巴西和泰国经历了类似的经济和健康转型，这项独特的比较研究调查了在2004/2005年至2012/2013年期间对两个年龄相仿的队列进行跟踪研究后，体型（体重指数）与社会经济地位之间的变化。在20至24岁时，佩洛塔斯队列成员超重和肥胖的患病率（分别为20.7%和8.6%）远高于泰国队列（分别为6.0%和1.7%）；在他们30岁出头时，这些比例分别升至34.6%和22.9%，而泰国队列则分别为15.8%和5.1%。在男性中观察到较高的社会经济地位与超重和肥胖增加之间存在关联；但在两个队列的女性中都发现了相反的模式，并且在8年的随访后仍具有统计学意义。我们的比较纵向分析突出了两个面临体型迅速增长（超重和肥胖率增加2至3倍）的中等收入环境之间的关系。长期随访和采用生命历程方法有效预防肥胖将使晚年的不良健康负担降至最低。
