Department of Medical Imaging & Arizona Telemedicine Program, University of Arizona, 1609 N Warren Bldg 211, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2014 Feb 19;2(1):94-114. doi: 10.3390/healthcare2010094.
Radiology and pathology are unique among other clinical specialties that incorporate telemedicine technologies into clinical practice, as, for the most part in traditional practice, there are few or no direct patient encounters. The majority of teleradiology and telepathology involves viewing images, which is exactly what occurs without the "tele" component. The images used are generally quite large, require dedicated displays and software for viewing, and present challenges to the clinician who must navigate through the presented data to render a diagnostic decision or interpretation. This digital viewing environment is very different from the more traditional reading environment (i.e., film and microscopy), necessitating a new look at how to optimize reading environments and address human factors issues. This paper will review some of the key components that need to be optimized for effective and efficient practice of teleradiology and telepathology using traditional workstations as well as some of the newer mobile viewing applications.
放射学和病理学在将远程医疗技术融入临床实践方面有别于其他临床专业，因为在传统实践中，很少或没有直接的患者接触。大多数远程放射学和远程病理学都涉及到查看图像，而这正是在没有“远程”组件的情况下发生的。所使用的图像通常非常大，需要专用的显示器和软件进行查看，并且对必须通过呈现的数据进行导航以做出诊断决策或解释的临床医生提出了挑战。这种数字查看环境与更传统的查看环境（即胶片和显微镜）大不相同，因此需要重新审视如何优化查看环境和解决人为因素问题。本文将回顾一些关键组件，这些组件需要使用传统工作站以及一些较新的移动查看应用程序进行优化，以实现远程放射学和远程病理学的有效和高效实践。
