Mushtaq Raheel, Pinto Charles, Tarfarosh Shah Faisal Ahmad, Hussain Arshad, Shoib Sheikh, Shah Tabindah, Shah Sahil, Manzoor Mushbiq, Bhat Mudassir, Arif Tasleem
Memory Clinic and Geriatric Clinic, Postgraduate Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, J & K, India.
Department of Psychiatry, TN Medical College and BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai.
Cureus. 2016 May 27;8(5):e625. doi: 10.7759/cureus.625.
A gradual increase in the longevity due to advancement of treatment modalities and a subsequent surge in elderly population in India have led to a growing curiosity in the geriatric age group with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) represent epiphenomena of AD. However, no comprehensive study has been carried out in South East Asia (Kashmir, India), to assess the behavioral and psychological symptoms in subtypes of AD.
The purpose of this study was to assess BPSD in early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD).
The study was conducted in the Memory clinic of the postgraduate department of psychiatry, Government Medical College, Kashmir, India from January 2012 to March 2014. The diagnosis of AD patients was done according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. A total of 80 patients of AD were screened (40 with age of onset less than 65, and 40 with age of onset greater than 64). Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) was the instrument used for evaluating symptoms of BPSD. The data was analyzed using paired t-test.
The mean age of presentation of EOAD and LOAD was 63.10 years and 84.28 years, respectively, and the difference between the two was found to be statistically significant. The LOAD group had significantly higher symptom severity for delusions, agitation, anxiety, disinhibition, and nighttime behavioral disturbances (NBD) than the EOAD group (p ≤.0001).
The behavioral and psychological symptoms are significantly severe in late onset subtype compared to the early onset subtype of Alzheimer's disease in the Kashmiri (Indian) population.
由于治疗方式的进步，印度的预期寿命逐渐增加，随之而来的老年人口激增引发了对患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）的老年人群体的日益关注。痴呆的行为和心理症状（BPSD）是AD的附加现象。然而，在东南亚（印度克什米尔地区）尚未开展全面研究来评估AD各亚型中的行为和心理症状。
本研究旨在评估早发性阿尔茨海默病（EOAD）和晚发性阿尔茨海默病（LOAD）中的BPSD。
本研究于2012年1月至2014年3月在印度克什米尔政府医学院精神病学研究生部的记忆门诊进行。AD患者的诊断依据NINCDS - ADRDA标准。共筛查了80例AD患者（40例发病年龄小于65岁，40例发病年龄大于64岁）。神经精神科问卷（NPI）是用于评估BPSD症状的工具。数据采用配对t检验进行分析。
EOAD和LOAD的平均就诊年龄分别为63.10岁和84.28岁，两者差异具有统计学意义。LOAD组在妄想、激越、焦虑、脱抑制和夜间行为障碍（NBD）方面的症状严重程度显著高于EOAD组（p≤0.0001）。
在克什米尔（印度）人群中，与阿尔茨海默病早发亚型相比，晚发亚型的行为和心理症状明显更严重。
