Biomedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.
Seawater Utilization Plant Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO), Goseong, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2016 Oct;83:477-484. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.009. Epub 2016 Jul 18.
Recent studies showed that deficiencies of essential minerals including Mg, Ca, and K, and trace minerals including Se, Zn, and V, have implications for the development, prevention, and treatment of several chronic diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies revealed that balanced deep-sea water (BDSW), which is composed of desalinated water enriched with Mg and Ca, has potential as a treatment for diabetes and obesity. In this study, to determine whether BDSW regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and function, we investigated its effects on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial enzyme activity, expression of key transcription factors and mitochondria-specific genes, phosphorylation of signaling molecules associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial function in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. BDSW increased mitochondrial biogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that BDSW enhances expression of PGC1-α, NRF1, and TFAM genes. Upregulation of these genes was supported by increased mitochondria staining, CytC oxidase activity, and AMPK phosphorylation. The stimulatory effect of BDSW on mitochondrial biogenesis and function suggests a novel mechanism for BDSW-induced anti-diabetic and anti-obesity action.
最近的研究表明，包括镁、钙和钾在内的必需矿物质以及包括硒、锌和钒在内的痕量矿物质的缺乏与肥胖和 2 型糖尿病等几种慢性疾病的发生、预防和治疗有关。我们之前的研究表明，由富含镁和钙的脱盐水组成的平衡深海水（BDSW）有潜力成为治疗糖尿病和肥胖的方法。在这项研究中，为了确定 BDSW 是否调节线粒体生物发生和功能，我们研究了它对线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）含量、线粒体酶活性、关键转录因子和线粒体特异性基因表达、与线粒体生物发生相关的信号分子的磷酸化以及 3T3-L1 前脂肪细胞中线粒体功能的影响。BDSW 以剂量依赖的方式增加线粒体生物发生。实时定量 PCR 显示 BDSW 增强了 PGC1-α、NRF1 和 TFAM 基因的表达。线粒体染色、细胞色素 C 氧化酶活性和 AMPK 磷酸化的增加支持了这些基因的上调。BDSW 对线粒体生物发生和功能的刺激作用提示了 BDSW 诱导抗糖尿病和抗肥胖作用的新机制。
