School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK.
Prev Vet Med. 2016 Aug 1;130:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.06.009. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
In 2013, a questionnaire was used to gather data on risks for introduction, and factors associated with prevalence, of contagious ovine digital dermatitis (CODD). There were 1136 (28.4%) usable responses from 4000 randomly selected sheep farmers in England. CODD was present in 58% (662) of flocks, with a reported prevalence of CODD lesions of 2.3%. The geometric mean period prevalence of all lameness was 4.2% and 2.8% in CODD positive and negative flocks respectively. Factors associated with a greater risk of presence of CODD were purchasing replacement ewes, not always checking the feet of sheep before purchase, not isolating purchased sheep, foot bathing returning ewes, foot trimming the flock more than twice in the year all compared with not doing these activities and increasing log10 flock size. Farmers who vaccinated sheep with Footvax™ were less likely to report presence of CODD. Factors associated with increasing prevalence of CODD lesions were not always checking the feet of purchased sheep, flocks that mixed with other flocks and sheep that left the farm for summer grazing and later returned. In addition, flocks where farmers followed the current recommended managements for control of footrot, had a lower prevalence of CODD whilst those who used foot bathing and where feet bled during routine foot trimming had a higher prevalence of CODD. The prevalence of CODD decreased with each log10 increase in flock size. We conclude that CODD is an infectious cause of lameness in sheep of increasing importance in GB. Introduction is linked to poor biosecurity with one likely source of the pathogen being introduction of or mixing with infected sheep. As with footrot, prevalence of CODD was lower in flocks where farmers focused on individual treatment to manage lameness and avoided foot bathing and trimming feet. We conclude that most of the currently recommended biosecurity and treatment approaches to control footrot in GB are also effective for control of CODD.
2013 年，我们采用问卷形式收集了传染病性羊只数字皮炎（CODD）传入风险以及流行因素相关数据。在英格兰随机抽取的 4000 名绵羊养殖户中，有 1136 份（28.4%）可用回复。58%（662 个）羊场存在 CODD，CODD 病变报告流行率为 2.3%。所有跛行的几何平均期流行率分别为 CODD 阳性和阴性羊群的 4.2%和 2.8%。与 CODD 存在风险较高相关的因素包括购买后备母羊、购买前不总是检查羊蹄、不隔离购入绵羊、给返回的绵羊洗脚、年内给羊群修蹄超过两次，而不进行这些活动以及羊只存栏量对数增加。用 Footvax™给绵羊接种疫苗的养殖户更不可能报告 CODD 的存在。与 CODD 病变流行率增加相关的因素包括不总是检查购入绵羊的蹄子、与其他羊群混合的羊群以及去夏季牧场放牧然后返回的绵羊。此外，养殖户遵循现行控制腐蹄病管理建议的羊群，CODD 流行率较低，而使用洗脚和在常规蹄修剪时出血的羊群，CODD 流行率较高。随着羊只存栏量对数的增加，CODD 的流行率降低。我们的结论是，CODD 是英国绵羊跛行的一种传染性病因，其重要性日益增加。传入与生物安全不佳有关，病原体的一个可能来源是感染或与感染绵羊混合。与腐蹄病一样，在养殖户专注于对跛行进行个体治疗并避免洗脚和修剪蹄子的羊群中，CODD 的流行率较低。我们的结论是，在英国控制腐蹄病的大多数现行生物安全和治疗方法也可有效控制 CODD。
