Electron microscopic immunohistochemical localization of components of Na+-cotransporters along the rat nephron.

The localization of Na+-cotransport proteins in cortex and outer medulla of rat kidney was investigated with five monoclonal antibodies. Recently, it was found that these antibodies altered Na+-D-glucose cotransport and/or Na+-dependent high affinity phlorizin binding in pig kidney cortex and that three of these antibodies interacted also with Na+-cotransporters for lactate, L-alanine and/or L-glutamate (Koepsell, H., K. Korn, A. Raszeja-Specht, S. Bernotat-Danielowski, D. Ollig, J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18,419-18,429 (1988]. In pig and rat the monoclonal antibodies bind to two brush-border membrane polypeptides with identical molecular weights and isoelectric points of 75,000 and pI 5.5, and 47,000 and pI 5.4. These polypeptides have been previously identified as components of the porcine renal Na+-D-glucose cotransporter (Neeb, M., U. Kunz, H. Koepsell, J. Biol. Chem. 262, 10,718-10,727 (1987] and may also be part of other Na+-cotransporters. The electron microscopic localization of antibody binding was demonstrated by protein A-gold labeling on ultrathin plastic sections. Three antibodies bound to brush-border membranes of proximal convoluted and straight tubules. In the proximal convoluted tubules all antibodies reacted with apical endocytic vacuoles, apical dense tubules and lysosomes. Since dense tubules are supposed to originate from endocytic vacuoles and to fuse with brush-border membranes the data suggest recycling of Na+-cotransporters in the proximal convoluted tubule. In the outer medulla two antibodies bound to apical membranes of descending thin limbs (DTL) of short loops of Henle and to apical and basal membranes of DTL of long loops of Henle. Three antibodies bound to apical membranes of collecting ducts. These data indicate that Na+-cotransporters or homologous proteins exist beyond the proximal tubule.