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“化学性”和“手术性”迷走神经切断术在胃肠道黏膜损伤与保护中的细胞能量作用：对脑-肠功能的异同及意义

Cellular Energetical Actions of "Chemical" and "Surgical" Vagotomy in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Damage and Protection: Similarities, Differences and Significance for Brain-Gut Function.

作者信息

Szabo Imre L, Czimmer Jozsef, Mozsik Gyula

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Medical and Health Centre, University of Pécs, 13 Ifjuság St, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.

出版信息

Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14(8):901-913. doi: 10.2174/1570159x14666160719121725.

DOI:10.2174/1570159x14666160719121725
PMID:27440445
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5333601/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

The authors, as internists, registered significant difference in the long lasting actions of surgical and chemical (atropine treatment) vagotomy in patients with peptic ulcer during second half of the last century (efficency, gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal side effects, briefly benefical and harmful actions were examined).

AIMS

  1. Since the authors participated in the establishing of human clinical pharmacology in this field, they wanted to know more and more facts of the acute and chronic effects of surgical and chemical (atropine treatment) on the gastrointestinal mucosal biochemisms and their actions altered by bioactive compounds and scavengers regarding the development of gastric mucosal damage and protection.

METHODS

The observations were carried out in animals under various experimental conditions (in intact, pylorus-ligated rats, in different experimental ulcer models, together with application of various mucosal protecting compounds) without and with surgical vagotomy and chemical vagotomy produced by atropine treatment.

RESULTS

  1. No changes were obtained in the cellular energy systems (ATP, ADP, AMP, cAMP, "adenylate pool", "energy charge" [(ATP+0.5 ADP)/ (ATP+ADP+AMP)] of stomach (glandular part, forestomach) in pylorus ligated rats after surgical vagotomy in contrast to those produced by only chemical vagotomy; 2. The effects of the gastric mucosal protective compounds [atropine, cimetidine, prostaglandins, scavengers (like vitamin A, β-carotene), capsaicin] disappeared after surgical vagotomy; 3. The extents of different chemical agents induced mucosal damaging effects were enhanced by surgical vagotomy and was not altered by chemical vagotomy; 4. The existence of feedback mechanisms of pharmacological (cellular and intracellular) regulatory mechanisms between the membrane-bound ATPdependent energy systems exists in the gastric mucosa of intact animals, and after chemical vagotomy, but not after surgical vagotomy.

CONCLUSIONS

  1. Increased vagal nerve activity takes place in the gastric mucosal damage; 2 both surgical and chemical vagotomy result mucosal protective affect on the gastric mucosal in different damaging experimental models; 3. The capsaicin-induced gastric mucosal damage depends on the applied doses, presence of anatomically intact vagal nerve (but independent from the chemical vagotomy), 4. The central and pheripheral neural regulations differ during gastric mucosal damage and protection induced by drugs, bioactive compounds, scavengers.
摘要

背景

在上个世纪后半叶，作为内科医生，作者发现手术切断迷走神经和化学性（阿托品治疗）切断迷走神经对消化性溃疡患者的长期作用存在显著差异（研究了疗效、胃酸分泌、胃肠道副作用，简要探讨了有益和有害作用）。

目的

  1. 由于作者参与了该领域人类临床药理学的建立，他们希望越来越多地了解手术和化学性（阿托品治疗）对胃肠道黏膜生物化学的急性和慢性影响，以及生物活性化合物和清除剂对胃黏膜损伤和保护发展的作用及其改变。

方法

在各种实验条件下（在完整的、幽门结扎的大鼠中，在不同的实验性溃疡模型中，同时应用各种黏膜保护化合物）对动物进行观察，有无手术切断迷走神经以及阿托品治疗所致的化学性切断迷走神经。

结果

  1. 与仅化学性切断迷走神经相比，手术切断迷走神经后，幽门结扎大鼠胃（腺部、前胃）的细胞能量系统（ATP、ADP、AMP、cAMP、“腺苷酸池”、“能荷”[(ATP + 0.5ADP)/(ATP + ADP + AMP)]）无变化；2. 手术切断迷走神经后，胃黏膜保护化合物[阿托品、西咪替丁、前列腺素、清除剂（如维生素A、β - 胡萝卜素）、辣椒素]的作用消失；3. 手术切断迷走神经增强了不同化学试剂诱导的黏膜损伤作用，而化学性切断迷走神经未改变这种作用；4. 在完整动物的胃黏膜中以及化学性切断迷走神经后，存在膜结合的ATP依赖性能量系统之间药理学（细胞和细胞内）调节机制的反馈机制，但手术切断迷走神经后不存在。

结论

  1. 胃黏膜损伤时迷走神经活动增强；2. 在不同的损伤实验模型中，手术和化学性切断迷走神经均对胃黏膜产生黏膜保护作用；3. 辣椒素诱导的胃黏膜损伤取决于应用剂量、解剖学上完整的迷走神经的存在（但与化学性切断迷走神经无关）；4. 在药物、生物活性化合物、清除剂诱导的胃黏膜损伤和保护过程中，中枢和外周神经调节存在差异。
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The key-role of vagal nerve and adrenals in the cytoprotection and general gastric mucosal integrity.
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