Babcook Melissa A, Joshi Aditya, Montellano Jeniece A, Shankar Eswar, Gupta Sanjay
Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Nutr Metab Insights. 2016 Jul 14;9:43-50. doi: 10.4137/NMI.S38362. eCollection 2016.
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, known as statins, are commonly prescribed for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease. A systematic review was conducted using the keywords "statin and prostate cancer" within the title search engines including PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for relevant research work published between 2004 and December 2015. Although still premature, accumulating clinical evidence suggests that statin use may be beneficial in the prevention and/or treatment of prostate cancer. These human studies consist of meta-analyses of secondary endpoints obtained from randomized, controlled cardiovascular disease clinical trials of statins, patient database, observational studies, and a few, small case-control studies, directly addressing statin use on prostate cancer pathology and recurrence. This review summarizes and discusses the recent clinical literature on statins and prostate cancer with a recommendation to move forward with randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials, investigating the use of statins. Additional preclinical testing of statins on prostate cancer cell lines and in vivo models is needed to elucidate pathways and determine its efficacy for prevention and/or treatment of prostate cancer, more specifically, the difference in the effectiveness of lipophilic versus hydrophilic statins in prostate cancer.
3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂，即他汀类药物，常用于治疗高胆固醇血症和心血管疾病。我们使用“他汀类药物和前列腺癌”作为关键词，在包括PubMed、科学网和考克兰图书馆在内的标题搜索引擎中进行了系统综述，以查找2004年至2015年12月期间发表的相关研究工作。尽管仍为时过早，但越来越多的临床证据表明，使用他汀类药物可能对预防和/或治疗前列腺癌有益。这些人体研究包括对他汀类药物随机对照心血管疾病临床试验、患者数据库、观察性研究以及一些小型病例对照研究中获得的次要终点进行的荟萃分析，这些研究直接探讨了他汀类药物对前列腺癌病理和复发的影响。本综述总结并讨论了近期关于他汀类药物和前列腺癌的临床文献，并建议开展随机、安慰剂对照临床试验，研究他汀类药物的使用情况。还需要对前列腺癌细胞系和体内模型进行更多的他汀类药物临床前测试，以阐明其作用途径，并确定其预防和/或治疗前列腺癌的疗效，更具体地说，确定亲脂性他汀类药物与亲水性他汀类药物在前列腺癌治疗效果上的差异。
