Ors Safvet, Ozkose Mehmet
SO-EP Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery Clinic, Kayseri, Turkey.
Plast Surg (Oakv). 2016 Summer;24(2):96-8. doi: 10.4172/plastic-surgery.1000963. Epub 2016 May 27.
There are various complications that can occur in septorhinoplasty, most of which are related to postoperative failure to achieve the desired aesthetic result. However, there are also many other complications, including postoperative bleeding, which is one of the most common nonaesthetic-related complications.
The present study was a prospective analysis involving a total of 750 septorhinoplasty patients, and included individuals who experienced massive bleeding after postoperative day 8.
The incidence of bleeding was 2% among all patients. One percent of cases with bleeding occurred between postoperative days 8 and 14. None of the patients exhibited an abnormality in preoperative or postoperative coagulation tests. Mean blood loss was approximately 1 unit. In all patients, clots in the nose were cleaned, bleeding was subsequently controlled by placement of a polyvinyl alcohol sponge tampon soaked in adrenalin and tranexamic acid, and intravenous administration of 250 mg tranexamic acid in isotonic saline solution. This treatment was sufficient for all cases. None of the patients expereinced recurrent bleeding nor did they require a blood transfusion.
Late bleeding in septorhinoplasty is rare. It may be prevented by completely filling the nasal cavity so that there is no dead space between the septal mucosal membranes and the drainage opening. If bleeding occurs, it can be treated by placement of a tampon soaked in adrenalin and tranexamic acid plus intravenous administration of 250 mg tranexamic acid.
鼻中隔成形术可能会出现多种并发症,其中大多数与术后未能达到理想的美学效果有关。然而,也存在许多其他并发症,包括术后出血,这是最常见的与美学无关的并发症之一。
本研究是一项前瞻性分析,共纳入750例鼻中隔成形术患者,包括术后第8天之后出现大量出血的患者。
所有患者中出血发生率为2%。1%的出血病例发生在术后第8天至第14天之间。所有患者术前及术后凝血试验均无异常。平均失血量约为1个单位。所有患者均清理了鼻腔内的血凝块,随后通过放置浸泡在肾上腺素和氨甲环酸中的聚乙烯醇海绵填塞物并静脉注射250mg氨甲环酸于等渗盐溶液中来控制出血。这种治疗对所有病例均足够。所有患者均未出现再次出血,也未需要输血。
鼻中隔成形术后迟发性出血很少见。可通过完全填充鼻腔,使鼻中隔黏膜与引流口之间没有死腔来预防。如果发生出血,可通过放置浸泡在肾上腺素和氨甲环酸中的填塞物并静脉注射250mg氨甲环酸来治疗。