Carter Laura J, Ryan Jim J, Boxall Alistair B A
Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
EHS Technical CoE, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, SG12 0DP, UK.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2016 Sep;97(3):316-22. doi: 10.1007/s00128-016-1875-7. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
This study compared the uptake and depuration of four commonly used pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, diclofenac, fluoxetine and orlistat) in two earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia fetida). L. terrestris are a larger species and often found in deep burrows whereas E. fetida prefer to reside near the soil surface. Species burrowing habits and sizes may alter uptake by earthworms. All four pharmaceuticals were taken up into both L. terrestris and E. fetida tissue after 21 days exposure to spiked soil. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranged between 1.72 and 29.83 for L. terrestris and 1.14 and 63.03 for E. fetida. For carbamazepine and diclofenac, BCFs were similar whereas for fluoxetine and orlistat, BCFs in E. fetida were more than double those seen in L. terrestris. Results indicate that uptake into earthworms cannot be generalised between species and that the influence of species traits can vary depending on the nature of the study chemical.
本研究比较了四种常用药物（卡马西平、双氯芬酸、氟西汀和奥利司他）在两种蚯蚓物种（陆正蚓和赤子爱胜蚓）中的吸收和净化情况。陆正蚓是体型较大的物种，常出现在深洞穴中，而赤子爱胜蚓则更喜欢栖息在土壤表层附近。物种的掘穴习性和大小可能会改变蚯蚓对药物的吸收。在暴露于添加药物的土壤21天后，所有四种药物均被陆正蚓和赤子爱胜蚓的组织吸收。陆正蚓的生物富集系数（BCF）在1.72至29.83之间，赤子爱胜蚓的生物富集系数在1.14至63.03之间。对于卡马西平和双氯芬酸，生物富集系数相似，而对于氟西汀和奥利司他，赤子爱胜蚓的生物富集系数是陆正蚓的两倍多。结果表明，蚯蚓对药物的吸收在不同物种之间不能一概而论，物种特性的影响可能因研究化学品的性质而异。
