Hasenäcker Jana, Beyersmann Elisabeth, Schroeder Sascha
MPRG Reading Education and Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin, Germany.
Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, Aix-Marseille Université and Centre de la Recherche Scientifique Marseille, France.
Front Psychol. 2016 Jun 21;7:929. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00929. eCollection 2016.
In this study, we looked at masked morphological priming effects in German children and adults beyond mean response times by taking into account response time distributions. We conducted an experiment comparing suffixed word primes (kleidchen-KLEID), suffixed nonword primes (kleidtum-KLEID), nonsuffixed nonword primes (kleidekt-KLEID), and unrelated controls (träumerei-KLEID). The pattern of priming in adults showed facilitation from suffixed words, suffixed nonwords, and nonsuffixed nonwords relative to unrelated controls, and from both suffixed conditions relative to nonsuffixed nonwords, thus providing evidence for morpho-orthographic and embedded stem priming. Children also showed facilitation from real suffixed words, suffixed nonwords, and nonsuffixed nonwords compared to unrelated words, but no difference between the suffixed and nonsuffixed conditions, thus suggesting that German elementary school children do not make use of morpho-orthographic segmentation. Interestingly, for all priming effects, a shift of the response time distribution was observed. Consequences for theories of morphological processing are discussed.
在本研究中，我们通过考虑反应时间分布，研究了德国儿童和成人中除平均反应时间之外的隐蔽形态启动效应。我们进行了一项实验，比较了后缀词启动（kleidchen-KLEID）、后缀非词启动（kleidtum-KLEID）、非后缀非词启动（kleidekt-KLEID）和无关控制组（träumerei-KLEID）。成人的启动模式显示，相对于无关控制组，后缀词、后缀非词和非后缀非词均有促进作用，且相对于非后缀非词，两种后缀条件均有促进作用，从而为形态正字法和嵌入词干启动提供了证据。与无关词相比，儿童也显示出真实后缀词、后缀非词和非后缀非词的促进作用，但后缀和非后缀条件之间没有差异，因此表明德国小学生没有利用形态正字法分割。有趣的是，对于所有启动效应，均观察到反应时间分布的偏移。我们讨论了其对形态加工理论的影响。
