Santé publique France, French national public health agency, Regional unit (Cire) Antilles Guyane, Saint-Maurice, France.
Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul 14;21(28). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.28.30285.
Following of the emergence of Zika virus in Brazil in 2015, an epidemiological surveillance system was quickly implemented in the French overseas Territories of America (FTA) according to previous experience with dengue and chikungunya and has detected first cases of Zika. General practitioners and medical microbiologists were invited to report all clinically suspected cases of Zika, laboratory investigations were systematically conducted (RT-PCR). On 18 December, the first autochthonous case of Zika virus infection was confirmed by RT-PCR on French Guiana and Martinique, indicating introduction of Zika virus in FTA. The viral circulation of Zika virus was then also confirmed on Guadeloupe and Saint-Martin. We report here early findings on 203 confirmed cases of Zika virus infection identified by RT-PCR or seroneutralisation on Martinique Island between 24 November 2015 and 20 January 2016. All cases were investigated. Common clinical signs were observed (maculopapular rash, arthralgia, fever, myalgia and conjunctival hyperaemia) among these patients, but the rash, the foundation of our case definition, may be absent in a significant proportion of patients (16%). These results are important for the implementation of a suspected case definition, the main tool for epidemiological surveillance, in territories that may be affected by ZIKV emergence, including Europe.
继 2015 年巴西出现 Zika 病毒后，根据此前登革热和基孔肯雅热的防控经验，法属美洲领地（FTA）迅速建立了流行病学监测系统，并发现了首例 Zika 病例。全科医生和医学微生物学家被邀请报告所有临床疑似 Zika 病例，系统开展实验室检测（RT-PCR）。12 月 18 日，首例 Zika 病毒感染的本地病例在法属圭亚那和马提尼克岛通过 RT-PCR 确诊，表明 Zika 病毒传入 FTA。随后，瓜德罗普岛和圣马丁岛也确认了 Zika 病毒的循环传播。我们报告了 2015 年 11 月 24 日至 2016 年 1 月 20 日期间在马提尼克岛通过 RT-PCR 或血清中和试验确认的 203 例 Zika 病毒感染的早期发现。所有病例都进行了调查。这些患者中常见的临床症状有（斑丘疹、关节痛、发热、肌痛和结膜充血），但皮疹是我们病例定义的基础，在很大一部分患者（16%）中可能不存在。这些结果对于在可能受 ZIKV 影响的地区（包括欧洲）实施疑似病例定义（流行病学监测的主要工具）非常重要。
