Victor Garcia J
Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Genetic Medicine Building, Rm. 2043, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7042, United States.
Curr Opin Virol. 2016 Aug;19:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
HIV has a very limited species tropism that prevents the use of most conventional small animal models for AIDS research. The in vivo analysis of HIV/AIDS has benefited extensively from novel chimeric animal models that accurately recapitulate key aspects of the human condition. Specifically, immunodeficient mice that are systemically repopulated with human hematolymphoid cells offer a viable alternative for the study of a multitude of highly relevant aspects of HIV replication, pathogenesis, therapy, transmission, prevention, and eradication. This article summarizes some of the multiple contributions that humanized mouse models of HIV infection have made to the field of AIDS research. These models have proven to be highly informative and hold great potential for accelerating multiple aspects of HIV research in the future.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）具有非常有限的物种嗜性，这使得大多数传统的小动物模型无法用于艾滋病研究。HIV/AIDS的体内分析在很大程度上受益于新型嵌合动物模型，这些模型能够准确地重现人类病情的关键方面。具体而言，用人造血淋巴细胞进行全身再填充的免疫缺陷小鼠为研究HIV复制、发病机制、治疗、传播、预防和根除等众多高度相关方面提供了可行的替代方案。本文总结了HIV感染人源化小鼠模型对艾滋病研究领域所做出的多项贡献。这些模型已被证明具有很高的信息量，并且在未来加速HIV研究的多个方面具有巨大潜力。
