Ikarashi Nobutomo, Kon Risako, Sugiyama Kiyoshi
Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Jul 20;17(7):1172. doi: 10.3390/ijms17071172.
Aquaporins (AQPs) play important roles in the water transport system in the human body. There are currently 13 types of AQP, AQP0 through AQP12, which are expressed in various organs. Many members of the AQP family are expressed in the intestinal tract. AQP3 is predominantly expressed in the colon, ultimately controlling the water transport. Recently, it was clarified that several laxatives exhibit a laxative effect by changing the AQP3 expression level in the colon. In addition, it was revealed that morphine causes severe constipation by increasing the AQP3 expression level in the colon. These findings have shown that AQP3 is one of the most important functional molecules in water transport in the colon. This review will focus on the physiological and pathological roles of AQP3 in the colon, and discuss clinical applications of colon AQP3.
水通道蛋白（AQPs）在人体的水运输系统中发挥着重要作用。目前有13种水通道蛋白，即AQP0至AQP12，它们在各种器官中表达。水通道蛋白家族的许多成员在肠道中表达。AQP3主要在结肠中表达，最终控制水的运输。最近，已阐明几种泻药通过改变结肠中AQP3的表达水平而发挥泻药作用。此外，还发现吗啡通过增加结肠中AQP3的表达水平而导致严重便秘。这些发现表明，AQP3是结肠水运输中最重要的功能分子之一。本综述将重点关注AQP3在结肠中的生理和病理作用，并讨论结肠AQP3的临床应用。
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