丙烯醛的急性蒸汽吸入毒性及其作为2-甲氧基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃中痕量污染物的影响。

Acute vapour inhalation toxicity of acrolein and its influence as a trace contaminant in 2-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran.

Ballantyne B, Dodd D E, Pritts I M, Nachreiner D J, Fowler E H

Applied Toxicology Department, Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, Connecticut 06817.

Hum Toxicol. 1989 May;8(3):229-35. doi: 10.1177/096032718900800305.

Abstract

The LC50 values for acrolein (AC) vapour to Sprague-Dawley rats (combined sexes) were determined to be 26 ppm (1 h) and 8.3 ppm (4 h). Signs of severe irritancy were present, and death was due to lung injury. 2. Exposure of rats to a 2-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (MDP) saturated vapour atmosphere statistically generated from liquid MDP containing 0.037% AC, caused severe irritancy and death from accumulation of AC vapour. Sparging the impure material with nitrogen gas before atmosphere generation significantly reduced or abolished lethal toxicity. 3. Dynamically generated MDP vapour atmosphere produced transient respiratory and ocular irritancy, but no mortalities. The intrinsic acute vapour inhalation toxicity of MDP is low. 4. The presence of highly volatile toxic impurities in a material may confer a significant acute inhalation toxicity and hazard under conditions of low air movement. Assessment of potential inhalation hazards from liquid mixtures may require investigation by static and dynamic methods for vapour generation.

摘要

已确定丙烯醛（AC）蒸气对斯普拉格-道利大鼠（雌雄混合）的半数致死浓度（LC50）值为26 ppm（1小时）和8.3 ppm（4小时）。出现了严重刺激迹象，死亡原因是肺损伤。2. 将大鼠暴露于由含0.037% AC的液态2-甲氧基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃（MDP）统计生成的饱和蒸气环境中，会因AC蒸气的积聚而导致严重刺激和死亡。在生成环境之前用氮气鼓泡不纯物质可显著降低或消除致命毒性。3. 动态生成的MDP蒸气环境会产生短暂的呼吸道和眼部刺激，但无死亡情况。MDP的固有急性蒸气吸入毒性较低。4. 一种物质中存在高挥发性有毒杂质可能会在空气流动较低的条件下带来显著的急性吸入毒性和危害。评估液体混合物潜在的吸入危害可能需要通过静态和动态方法来研究蒸气生成情况。