不同肤色儿童的临床贫血检测：尼日利亚东南部的一项社区研究。
Clinical Anaemia Detection in Children of Varied Skin Complexion: A Community-based Study in Southeast, Nigeria.
作者信息
Ughasoro Maduka Donatus, Madu Anazoeze Jude, Kela-Eke Iheoma Clara
机构信息
Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, 400001, Enugu, Nigeria
Department of Haematology, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, 400001, Enugu, Nigeria.
出版信息
J Trop Pediatr. 2017 Feb;63(1):23-29. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmw044. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
BACKGROUND
Clinicians rely on clinical detection of pallor to diagnose anaemia. This makes it important to evaluate the effect of different skin complexions on the accuracy of the pallor in diagnosing anaemia in children.
METHODS
Clinicians conducted blind-independent physical examination, and their reports were compared with HemoCue 301 haemoglobin estimated with. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated.
RESULTS
A total of 573 children were reviewed by 27 healthcare workers. The prevalence of anaemia was high. The highest prevalence was among children between the age of 4 and 12 months (urban 63.4% and rural 69.2%). Anaemia was detected better among dark-skinned children. Conjunctivae and palm pallor had the highest sensitivity (78.6% and 69.2%, respectively).
DISCUSSION
Clinical pallor is a good screening assessment for anaemia but not diagnostic. Its sensitivity and specificity vary among different sites and skin complexions. Thus combining findings at any of the sites can improve detection of anaemia in children.
背景
临床医生依靠临床检测面色苍白来诊断贫血。因此，评估不同肤色对儿童贫血诊断中面色苍白准确性的影响非常重要。
方法
临床医生进行独立盲法体格检查，并将他们的报告与用HemoCue 301测定的血红蛋白结果进行比较。计算敏感性和特异性。
结果
27名医护人员对573名儿童进行了检查。贫血患病率很高。患病率最高的是4至12个月大的儿童（城市为63.4%，农村为69.2%）。深色皮肤儿童的贫血检出情况更好。结膜和手掌苍白的敏感性最高（分别为78.6%和69.2%）。
讨论
临床面色苍白是贫血的良好筛查评估指标，但不是诊断指标。其敏感性和特异性在不同部位和肤色之间有所不同。因此，综合任何一个部位的检查结果都可以提高儿童贫血的检出率。
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