Muhammad Dima, Lalun Nathalie, Bobichon Hélène, Le Magrex Debar Elisabeth, Gangloff Sophie C, Nour Mohammed, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko Laurence
UMR CNRS 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Bât. 18, Moulin, de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
CNRS FRE 3481, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51 rue cognacq-Jay, 51095 Reims Cedex, France.
Phytochemistry. 2016 Sep;129:45-57. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.07.005. Epub 2016 Jul 21.
Ten previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins and a previously undescribed norlupane triterpenoid were isolated, with three known saponins, four known flavonoids, two known lupane derivatives, sitosterol and 6'-heptadecanoyl-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosylsitosterol from the leaves of Alphitonia xerocarpus (Rhamnaceae), an endemic tree of New Caledonia. The chemical structures of the purified compounds were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant, antityrosinase, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. The aqueous methanol extract showed antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) due to the presence of rutin. Ceanothenic acid showed good cytotoxic activity against a KB cell line (IC50 = 2.6 μM) and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis with MIC values of 8 and 16 μg/mL, respectively. The previously undescribed 29-hydroxyceanothenic acid exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 10 μM), good antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 4 μg/mL) and moderate antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (MIC = 16 μg/mL).
从新喀里多尼亚的特有树种硬果灰木（鼠李科）的叶子中分离出了10种之前未被描述的三萜皂苷和1种之前未被描述的降羽扇豆烷三萜，以及3种已知皂苷、4种已知黄酮类化合物、2种已知羽扇豆烷衍生物、甾醇和6'-十七烷酰基-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甾醇。通过核磁共振和质谱鉴定了纯化化合物的化学结构。对分离出的化合物进行了抗氧化、抗酪氨酸酶、抗菌和细胞毒性活性测试。由于含有芦丁，甲醇水提取物表现出抗氧化活性（DPPH测定法）。齐墩果酸对KB细胞系表现出良好的细胞毒性活性（IC50 = 2.6 μM），对金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌的抗菌活性的MIC值分别为8和16 μg/mL。之前未被描述的29-羟基齐墩果酸表现出中等细胞毒性活性（IC50 = 10 μM），对金黄色葡萄球菌有良好的抗菌活性（MIC = 4 μg/mL），对粪肠球菌有中等抗菌活性（MIC = 16 μg/mL）。
