Wang Yang, Wilson Fernando A, Larson Jamie, Chen Li-Wu
University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE.
Public Health Rep. 2016 Jul-Aug;131(4):605-13. doi: 10.1177/0033354916662220.
Although e-cigarette popularity has increased substantially in recent years in the United States, it is unclear whether e-cigarette use has extended to immigrants in the United States. We characterized differences in ever and current use of e-cigarettes among non-U.S. citizens, naturalized U.S. citizens, and U.S. natives.
We used cross-sectional data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey to measure the prevalence of e-cigarette ever and current use by immigration status, characterized as U.S. native, naturalized U.S. citizen, and non-U.S. citizen. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between e-cigarette use and immigration status adjusting for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, and history of tobacco use. We also stratified the use of e-cigarettes by cigarette smoking status and analyzed the impact of length of residency and country of origin on e-cigarette use among immigrants.
Naturalized U.S. citizens and non-U.S. citizens had a similar prevalence of e-cigarette use, which was significantly lower than the prevalence among U.S. natives. After adjusting for covariates, naturalized U.S. citizens had 38% lower odds and non-U.S. citizens had 54% lower odds of ever using e-cigarettes than U.S. natives. Non-U.S. citizens were less likely than U.S. natives to currently use e-cigarettes. Among both current smokers and nonsmokers of tobacco cigarettes, non-U.S. citizens were less likely than U.S. natives to indicate current e-cigarette use. U.S. immigrants with >5 years residency were more likely than U.S. immigrants with <5 years residency to try e-cigarettes.
Although non-U.S. citizens are less likely than U.S. natives to currently use e-cigarettes, e-cigarette use may increase with length of residency in the United States.
尽管近年来电子烟在美国的普及程度大幅提高，但尚不清楚电子烟的使用是否已扩展到美国的移民群体。我们对非美国公民、入籍美国公民和美国本土居民在曾经使用和当前使用电子烟方面的差异进行了特征描述。
我们使用了2014年全国健康访谈调查的横断面数据，以按移民身份（分为美国本土居民、入籍美国公民和非美国公民）衡量曾经使用和当前使用电子烟的患病率。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来检验电子烟使用与移民身份之间的关联，并对人口统计学特征、社会经济地位和烟草使用史进行了调整。我们还按吸烟状况对电子烟的使用进行了分层，并分析了居住时间长度和原籍国对移民中电子烟使用的影响。
入籍美国公民和非美国公民的电子烟使用率相似，均显著低于美国本土居民。在对协变量进行调整后，入籍美国公民曾经使用电子烟的几率比美国本土居民低38%，非美国公民则低54%。非美国公民当前使用电子烟的可能性低于美国本土居民。在当前吸烟者和不吸烟者中，非美国公民表示当前使用电子烟的可能性均低于美国本土居民。居住超过5年的美国移民比居住时间不足5年的美国移民更有可能尝试电子烟。
尽管非美国公民当前使用电子烟的可能性低于美国本土居民，但电子烟的使用可能会随着在美国居住时间的延长而增加。
