Wan Li, Xu Liang, Fu Yongsheng
Faculty of Geoscience and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 999 Xian Road, Chengdu 611756, China.
Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Jul 21;13(5):741. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13070741.
The exposure of heavy metals to lake bed sediment of scenic areas may pose risks on aquatic ecosystems and human health, however very few studies on risk assessment have been reported for scenic areas. Accordingly, this study determined concentration levels, and assessed contamination characteristics and risks, of heavy metals in lake bed sediment of National Scenic Areas Songhuahu (NSAS) in China. The concentrations of Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Cu were determined in 29 bed sediment samples. Results showed that the mean values of Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Cu were 92.69, 90.73, 38.29, 46.77, and 49.44 mg/kg, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that organic matter was a major factor influencing distribution of heavy metals. The results for enrichment factors indicated that contamination rates and anthropogenic inputs of single heavy metals decreased in the order Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Zn; results of Nemerow integrated pollution index suggested that 72.41% of sampling sites were exposed to low to moderately integrated pollution, and 27.59% of sampling sites were exposed to strongly integrated pollution. According to results for potential ecological risk index, ecological risks of single and all the heavy metals in bed sediment from all the sampling sites were low. Human risks were assessed with hazardous quotients, and the results suggested that exposure of heavy metals to bed sediment posed no or little risk to human health, and the pathway of ingestion significantly contributed to human health risks.
风景区湖床沉积物中的重金属暴露可能对水生生态系统和人类健康构成风险，然而针对风景区的风险评估研究报道极少。因此，本研究测定了中国松花湖国家风景区（NSAS）湖床沉积物中重金属的浓度水平，评估了其污染特征和风险。测定了29个湖床沉积物样品中锌、铬、铅、镍和铜的浓度。结果表明，锌、铬、铅、镍和铜的平均值分别为92.69、90.73、38.29、46.77和49.44mg/kg。皮尔逊相关系数表明，有机质是影响重金属分布的主要因素。富集因子结果表明，单一重金属的污染率和人为输入量从高到低依次为铜>镍>铅>铬>锌；内梅罗综合污染指数结果表明，72.41%的采样点受到低至中度综合污染，27.59%的采样点受到重度综合污染。根据潜在生态风险指数结果，所有采样点湖床沉积物中单一和所有重金属的生态风险较低。采用危险商数评估了人体风险，结果表明湖床沉积物中的重金属暴露对人体健康不存在或几乎不存在风险，摄入途径对人体健康风险的贡献显著。
