Sveinsdottir Kolbrun, Martinsdottir Emilia, Ramel Alfons
a The Icelandic Food and Biotech R&D Institute , Reykjavik , Iceland ;
b Unit for Nutrition Research , National University Hospital & Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Dec;67(8):1017-23. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1208733. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
Diet plays an important role in the etiology of hypertension. Blood pressure (BP)-lowering properties of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) are promising. The aim was to investigate whether different formulations of fish oil differently affect blood pressure in community-dwelling adults. The hypothesis was that fish oil formulations would improve BP in comparison with a placebo.
In this 4-week randomized, placebo-controlled, doubly-blinded dietary intervention study, participants (N = 99, >50 years) from the capital area of Iceland were randomized into three groups. Group 1 (n = 38) received 6 meals/week fortified with a liquid fish oil and placebo powder. Group 2 (n = 30) received conventional (unfortified) meals and microencapsulated powder. Group 3 (n = 31) was the control group which received conventional meals and placebo powder. Calculated on a weekly basis, the amount of EPA + DHA provided was 1.5 g/d. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured before and after the intervention period.
Seventy-seven subjects finished the study (77.8%). Drop-out rates were not different between groups. According to multivariate statistics, endpoint SBP was lower in Group 1 (-7.0 mmHg, p = 0.037) and in Group 2 (-7.2 mmHg, p = 0.037) as compared with Group 3. There was no significant difference in DBP between the groups.
Our study shows that LC n-3 PUFA from microencapsulated powder are equally effective to meaningfully reduce SBP as LC n-3 PUFA from meals enriched with liquid fish oil in comparison with a control group.
饮食在高血压病因中起重要作用。长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（LC n-3 PUFA）的降压特性很有前景。目的是研究不同配方的鱼油对社区居住成年人血压的影响是否不同。假设是与安慰剂相比，鱼油配方能改善血压。
在这项为期4周的随机、安慰剂对照、双盲饮食干预研究中，来自冰岛首都地区的参与者（N = 99，年龄>50岁）被随机分为三组。第1组（n = 38）每周接受6餐强化液态鱼油和安慰剂粉末。第2组（n = 30）接受常规（未强化）餐和微胶囊粉末。第3组（n = 31）为对照组，接受常规餐和安慰剂粉末。按每周计算，提供的EPA + DHA量为1.5 g/d。在干预期前后测量收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。
77名受试者完成了研究（77.8%）。各组间退出率无差异。根据多变量统计，与第3组相比，第1组（-7.0 mmHg，p = 0.037）和第2组（-7.2 mmHg，p = 0.037）的终点SBP较低。各组间DBP无显著差异。
我们的研究表明，与对照组相比，微胶囊粉末中的LC n-3 PUFA在显著降低SBP方面与富含液态鱼油的餐中的LC n-3 PUFA同样有效。
