Bagge Carina N, Strandhave Charlotte, Skov Charlotte M, Svensson My, Schmidt Erik B, Christensen Jeppe H
Department of Nephrology, Aalborg University Hospital, Moelleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Nephrology, Akershus University Hospital, Kirkeveien, 166, Oslo, Norway.
Nutr Res. 2017 Feb;38:71-78. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
Marine long-chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recognized for their cardio-protective effects, including potential lowering of blood pressure. We hypothesized that higher habitual fish intake and n-3 PUFA plasma levels were associated with lower blood pressure and being less likely to receive antihypertensive medication after one-year follow-up. In this prospective study of 115 patients, we assessed 24 h ambulatory and central blood pressure, plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition using gas chromatography and participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, including fish-eating habits. All measurements were repeated at one-year follow-up. At baseline, patients consuming fish ≥2 times per month for dinner had significantly higher plasma levels of total marine n-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid as well as significantly lower central blood pressure and a trend towards lower peripheral blood pressure. At follow-up, 21 patients (18%) without antihypertensive medication had significantly higher plasma levels of n-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid as well as a higher, but still acceptable 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (137/85 mmHg) compared to subjects receiving antihypertensive medication. The untreated group was more prone to take fish oil capsules and increased their plasma levels of n-3 PUFA compared to baseline. In patients with newly diagnosed, untreated hypertension, regular fish consumption was accompanied by lower blood pressure. After one year, patients without antihypertensive medication were characterized by a significant increase and higher plasma levels of n-3 PUFA. This supports a blood pressure-lowering effect and suggests an increase in marine n-3 PUFA intake as part of non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension.
海洋长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）因其对心脏的保护作用而受到认可，包括潜在的降低血压作用。我们假设，较高的习惯性鱼类摄入量和n-3 PUFA血浆水平与较低的血压相关，并且在一年的随访后服用抗高血压药物的可能性较小。在这项对115名患者的前瞻性研究中，我们评估了24小时动态血压和中心血压，使用气相色谱法测定血浆磷脂脂肪酸组成，参与者完成了一份食物频率问卷，包括吃鱼习惯。所有测量在一年随访时重复进行。在基线时，每月晚餐吃鱼≥2次的患者血浆中总海洋n-3 PUFA、二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸水平显著更高，中心血压显著更低，外周血压有降低趋势。在随访时，21名未服用抗高血压药物的患者（18%）血浆中n-3 PUFA、二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸水平显著更高，与服用抗高血压药物的受试者相比，24小时动态血压更高但仍在可接受范围内（137/85 mmHg）。未治疗组更倾向于服用鱼油胶囊，与基线相比，其血浆n-3 PUFA水平升高。在新诊断的未治疗高血压患者中，经常吃鱼与较低的血压相关。一年后，未服用抗高血压药物的患者的特征是n-3 PUFA血浆水平显著升高且更高。这支持了降血压作用，并表明增加海洋n-3 PUFA摄入量作为高血压非药物治疗的一部分。
