Caulfield M B, Fischel J E, DeBaryshe B D, Whitehurst G J
Department of Psychology, SUNY, Stony Brook 11794-2500.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1989 Apr;17(2):187-201. doi: 10.1007/BF00913793.
The association of behavior problems with preschool language disorders has been documented extensively. However, researchers have typically failed to differentiate subgroups of language-impaired children, to use observational data in documenting the behavior disorders, or to study children at the youngest ages. Using a multimodal assessment, this study examined parent-child interaction and behavior problems in a clearly defined subgroup of language-impaired children, those with developmental expressive language disorder (ELD). These children exhibit a delay in expressive language compared with receptive language and nonverbal cognitive skills. Subjects were identified and studied at the youngest age at which the disorder can be assessed. A group of ELD children, averaging 27 months of age, was contrasted with a group of normally developing children, matched for age, sex, and receptive language ability. Groups were compared on observed parent-child interactions as well as maternal responses on the Parenting Stress Index, the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, and a behavior-related structured interview. ELD children, when compared with normally developing children, exhibited higher levels of negative behavior and were perceived as different by their parents.
行为问题与学前语言障碍之间的关联已被广泛记录。然而,研究人员通常未能区分语言受损儿童的亚组,未能在记录行为障碍时使用观察数据,也未能对最小年龄段的儿童进行研究。本研究采用多模式评估,考察了一个明确界定的语言受损儿童亚组,即患有发育性表达性语言障碍(ELD)的儿童的亲子互动和行为问题。与接受性语言和非言语认知技能相比,这些儿童在表达性语言方面存在延迟。在该障碍可被评估的最小年龄对受试者进行识别和研究。一组平均年龄为27个月的ELD儿童与一组年龄、性别和接受性语言能力相匹配的正常发育儿童进行对比。对两组在观察到的亲子互动以及母亲在《育儿压力指数》《艾伯格儿童行为量表》和一次与行为相关的结构化访谈中的反应进行比较。与正常发育儿童相比,ELD儿童表现出更高水平的负面行为,并且被其父母认为有所不同。