Chaudet M M, Rose D R
University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Biochem Cell Biol. 2016 Aug;94(4):323-30. doi: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0022. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
Carbohydrates make up an important component of our diet, contributing a significant portion to our total caloric intake. The ability to harvest these molecules for energy is reliant on the activity of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Family 31 α-glucosidases are a group of glycoside hydrolases that has been shown to play a key role in the metabolic process of hydrolyzing dietary starch into monomers of glucose. The purpose of the research presented here is to explore evolutionary changes that occurred within this family of glycoside hydrolases, and to relate these divergences to observed structural differences in relation to predicted substrate preferences. Here we report specific single amino acid changes that are believed to have arisen through evolution, and are directly related to the ability of these enzymes to bind different starch-based glycans. Through phylogenetic analysis we observed a number of evolutionary adaptions that we believe resulted in duplicated genes that allow for the efficient utilization of dietary starch.
碳水化合物是我们饮食的重要组成部分，在我们的总热量摄入中占很大比例。从这些分子中获取能量的能力依赖于碳水化合物活性酶的活性。31 家族 α-葡萄糖苷酶是一组糖苷水解酶，已被证明在将膳食淀粉水解为葡萄糖单体的代谢过程中起关键作用。本文提出的研究目的是探索在这个糖苷水解酶家族中发生的进化变化，并将这些差异与观察到的与预测底物偏好相关的结构差异联系起来。在这里，我们报告了一些特定的单氨基酸变化，这些变化被认为是通过进化产生的，并且与这些酶结合不同淀粉基聚糖的能力直接相关。通过系统发育分析，我们观察到一些进化适应，我们认为这些适应导致了重复基因的出现，从而能够有效地利用膳食淀粉。
