Ikeda Y, Ikeda K, Long D M
Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Neurosurg. 1989 Aug;71(2):233-8. doi: 10.3171/jns.1989.71.2.0233.
Oxygen free radicals such as superoxide radical and iron-catalyzed hydroxyl radical generated by the superoxide system have been implicated in the genesis of brain edema. Therefore, deferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelator, could potentially be used to treat brain edema. To examine this hypothesis, vasogenic brain edema was produced in 48 cats by a cortical freezing lesion. The animals were separated into three groups: Group 1 comprised 14 cats that received no DFO and were sacrificed at 6 or 24 hours; Group 2 consisted of 12 cats that were treated with DFO (50 mg/kg/ml, intravenously) at 15 minutes before the lesion was made and 60 minutes later and were sacrificed at 6 or 24 hours; and Group 3 included 12 cats that were treated with DFO (50 mg/kg/ml, intravenously) at 15 minutes after the lesion was produced and 60 minutes later and were sacrificed at 6 or 24 hours. The effect of DFO on arterial blood pressure was also studied in the remaining 10 cats. Brain water content in eight sampling areas was measured by the specific gravity method. Blood-brain barrier disruption was assessed by spread of Evans blue dye with planimetry. Specific gravity values at 6 and 24 hours were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 animals. Areas of Evans blue dye extravasation at 6 and 24 hours were significantly reduced in Group 2 relative to Group 1. Group 3 cats showed improvement in specific gravity values and Evans blue extravasation at 6 hours, but not at 24 hours. The iron chelator DFO prevented early development of brain edema; thus, this oxygen free radical scavenger may provide a foundation for a new therapy for brain edema.
超氧化物系统产生的超氧阴离子自由基和铁催化的羟基自由基等氧自由基与脑水肿的发生有关。因此，铁螯合剂去铁胺（DFO）可能可用于治疗脑水肿。为验证这一假设，通过皮层冷冻损伤在48只猫身上制造血管源性脑水肿。将动物分为三组：第1组包括14只未接受DFO且在6小时或24小时处死的猫；第2组由12只猫组成，在制造损伤前15分钟和60分钟后静脉注射DFO（50mg/kg/ml），并在6小时或24小时处死；第3组包括12只猫，在制造损伤后15分钟和60分钟后静脉注射DFO（50mg/kg/ml），并在6小时或24小时处死。还在其余10只猫身上研究了DFO对动脉血压的影响。通过比重法测量八个采样区域的脑含水量。通过用平面测量法测量伊文思蓝染料的扩散来评估血脑屏障的破坏情况。第2组动物在6小时和24小时时的比重值显著高于第1组。与第1组相比，第2组在6小时和24小时时伊文思蓝染料外渗面积显著减少。第3组猫在6小时时比重值和伊文思蓝外渗情况有所改善，但在24小时时没有。铁螯合剂DFO可预防脑水肿的早期发展；因此，这种氧自由基清除剂可能为脑水肿的新疗法提供基础。
