Gómez Miguel-Ángel, Toro Enrique Ortega, Furley Philip
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2016 Jul;11(5):664-70. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0478.
The aim of the current study was to analyze the temporal effects that unsportsmanlike fouls may have on basketball teams' scoring performance under consideration of context-related variables. The authors analyzed 130 unsportsmanlike fouls from 362 elite basketball games (men's and women's Olympic Games, European and World Championships). The context-related variables studied were score-line, quality of opposition, timeout situation, minutes remaining, and player status. The data were analyzed with linear-regression models. The results showed that both teams (the team that made the foul and the opponent) had similar positive scoring performances during 1 and 3 ball possessions after the unsportsmanlike foul (short-term effect). However, 5 ball possessions after the foul (midterm effect), the team that made the foul had a scoring disadvantage (-0.96) and the opponent team an advantage (0.78). The context-related variable quality of opposition was significant only during 1 ball possession, with negative effects for the team that made the foul and positive effects for the opponent. The final outcome showed a positive effect for score-line when the unsportsmanlike foul was made (0.96) and for quality of opposition (0.64).
本研究的目的是在考虑与情境相关的变量的情况下，分析违反体育道德的犯规行为可能对篮球队得分表现产生的时间效应。作者分析了362场精英篮球比赛（男子和女子奥运会、欧洲锦标赛和世界锦标赛）中的130次违反体育道德的犯规行为。所研究的与情境相关的变量包括比分、对手质量、暂停情况、剩余时间和球员状态。数据采用线性回归模型进行分析。结果显示，在违反体育道德的犯规行为发生后的1次和3次控球期间（短期效应），双方球队（犯规球队和对手）都有类似的积极得分表现。然而，在犯规后的5次控球期间（中期效应），犯规球队存在得分劣势（-0.96），而对手球队则有优势（0.78）。与情境相关的变量“对手质量”仅在1次控球期间具有显著性，对犯规球队有负面影响，对对手有正面影响。最终结果显示，在发生违反体育道德的犯规行为时，比分有积极影响（0.96），对手质量也有积极影响（0.64）。
