Stress management training for hypertensives: cognitive and physiological effects.

The contribution of training procedures designed to alter individuals' psychological responses to stressful life stimuli to the reduction of blood-pressure levels of hypertensives was evaluated. The treatment consisted of a set of coping skill-building experiences. Forty-one black males, mildly to moderately hypertensive and under medical supervision in an outpatient cardiovascular unit of a veterans' hospital, participated. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Cognitive Self-Management Training (CSM), Attention Placebo Control, and Current Clinic Conditions Control. The dependent measures were the State Anxiety Scale, Trait Anxiety Scale, Coping Strategic Inventory, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Subjects in the CSM group reported significant increases in the use of cognitive coping strategies in their lives and demonstrated significant decreases in measured levels of state anxiety and systolic blood pressure. Promising reductions of diastolic blood pressure ratings were obtained as well.