Zurawski R M, Smith T W, Houston B K
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
J Psychosom Res. 1987;31(4):453-62. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(87)90003-1.
Few studies of psychological interventions for essential hypertension have incorporated comprehensive coping skills treatment programs, evaluated the efficacy of such programs against credible, minimally effective controls, examined the effects of these interventions on pressor responses, or clarified the nature of person by treatment interactions. The present study examined the relative effectiveness of multimodal stress management training and a minimally effective treatment control (i.e. GSR biofeedback training) in the treatment of essential hypertensives' blood pressure at rest and in response to simulated stressful interpersonal situations. At the conclusion of an 8 week training period, stress management participants exhibited reliably lower resting diastolic blood pressure and tended to exhibit lower systolic pressure than controls. The former condition maintained their lower pressures through a 6-month follow-up period, but decreases in controls over follow-up rendered the conditions equivalent in blood pressure. No differences between conditions emerged in analyses on pressor responses. Stress management training was somewhat more effective for individuals scoring low rather than high on measures of trait anxiety and irritability.
很少有针对原发性高血压的心理干预研究纳入全面的应对技能治疗方案，评估此类方案相对于可靠的、最低有效对照的疗效，研究这些干预对升压反应的影响，或者阐明个体与治疗相互作用的性质。本研究考察了多模式压力管理训练和最低有效治疗对照（即皮肤电反馈训练）在治疗原发性高血压患者静息血压以及应对模拟紧张人际情境时血压方面的相对有效性。在为期8周的训练期结束时，压力管理组参与者的静息舒张压可靠地降低，且收缩压往往比对照组更低。在前一种情况下，他们在6个月的随访期内保持较低的血压，但对照组在随访期间血压下降，使得两组血压相当。在升压反应分析中，两组之间没有出现差异。压力管理训练对特质焦虑和易怒测量得分低的个体比对得分高的个体更有效。
