Jain Preetesh, Kanagal-Shamanna Rashmi, Wierda William, Keating Michael, Sarwari Nawid, Rozovski Uri, Thompson Philip, Burger Jan, Kantarjian Hagop, Patel Keyur P, Medeiros L Jeffrey, Luthra Rajyalakshmi, Estrov Zeev
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Am J Hematol. 2016 Nov;91(11):E478-E479. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24496. Epub 2016 Aug 22.
The (exportin) gene (also referred to as chromosome region maintenance 1; ) is a karyopherin that exports proteins and RNA fragments from the nucleus into the cytoplasm., The human gene, located on chromosome 2 (2p15), is believed to encode an oncogenic protein since many of the molecules exported by into the cytoplasm are associated with either known tumor-suppressor genes, such as or , or transcription factors that contribute to cell proliferation and survival such as IkB-α or whose accumulation in the nucleus results in cell death. The binding of to various proteins is mediated by recognizing the leucine-rich nuclear export signals (LR-NES) on the N-terminus of snurportin 1 (SNUPN) forming a nuclear pore complex or a cargo, thereby transporting proteins out of the nuclear membrane. Overexpression, deregulation, or dysfunction of has been reported in various types of cancer. is a therapeutic target in CLL, and selective inhibitors of nuclear transport (SINE) such as selinexor are now being investigated in clinical trials in CLL.
（输出蛋白）基因（也称为染色体区域维持蛋白1；）是一种核转运蛋白，可将蛋白质和RNA片段从细胞核输出到细胞质中。人类基因位于2号染色体（2p15）上，被认为编码一种致癌蛋白，因为许多被输出到细胞质中的分子与已知的肿瘤抑制基因（如或）或有助于细胞增殖和存活的转录因子（如IkB-α或，其在细胞核中的积累会导致细胞死亡）相关。与各种蛋白质的结合是通过识别核转运蛋白1（SNUPN）N端富含亮氨酸的核输出信号（LR-NES）来介导的，形成核孔复合物或货物，从而将蛋白质运输出核膜。在各种类型的癌症中都报道了的过表达、失调或功能障碍。是慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）的治疗靶点，目前正在CLL的临床试验中研究核转运选择性抑制剂（SINE），如塞利尼索。
