比较长度为 6-8 毫米的短种植体和 11 毫米的长种植体在 2 型糖尿病患者和非 2 型糖尿病患者中的临床和影像学参数：3 年随访结果。
Comparison of clinical and radiographic parameters around short (6 to 8 mm in length) and long (11 mm in length) dental implants placed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: 3-year follow-up results.
机构信息
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2017 Oct;28(10):1182-1187. doi: 10.1111/clr.12938. Epub 2016 Jul 29.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the clinical and radiographic parameters around short (6 to 8 mm in length) and long (11 mm in length) dental implants placed in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Forty-five male patients with T2DM (Group-1) and 42 male non-diabetic controls (Group-2) who had undergone implant therapy in the posterior mandible were included. Depending upon the length of the implant, patients were divided into two subgroups: (a) patients with short implants (6-8 mm long) and (b) patients with long implants (11 mm long). Peri-implant plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and crestal bone loss (CBL) were measured at 18 and 36 months of follow-up in both groups. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured at baseline and after 18 and 36 months of follow-up in both groups. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The mean age of patients in groups 1 and 2 was 42.5 and 40.6 years, respectively. The mean HbA1c levels at baseline among patients in groups 1 and 2 were 7.7% and 4.5%, respectively. At 18 and 36 months of follow-up, the mean HbA1c levels among patients in groups 1 and 2 were 6.6% and 4.5% and 6.5% and 4.4%, respectively. The mean duration of T2DM among patients that received short and long implants was 4.3 years and 4.1 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in PI, BOP, PD and CBL around implants placed in both groups at 18 and 36 months of follow-up. Success rate of short and long dental implants was 100% in both groups.
CONCLUSION
Short implants can demonstrate clinical and radiographic stability in a manner similar to conventional long implants in patients with and without T2DM. The role of oral hygiene and glycemic maintenance in this scenario cannot be disregarded.
目的
比较长度为 6-8mm（短）和 11mm（长）的牙科种植体在患有 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和不患有 2 型糖尿病的患者周围的临床和影像学参数。
材料和方法
共纳入 45 例患有 T2DM 的男性患者（1 组）和 42 例无糖尿病对照男性患者（2 组），他们均在下颌后牙接受了种植治疗。根据种植体的长度，患者被分为两组：（a）短种植体（6-8mm 长）患者和（b）长种植体（11mm 长）患者。在两组患者中，分别在 18 个月和 36 个月的随访时测量种植体周围的菌斑指数（PI）、探诊出血（BOP）、探诊深度（PD）和牙槽嵴骨丧失（CBL）。在两组患者中，分别在基线时以及在 18 个月和 36 个月的随访时测量血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）水平。P 值小于 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
1 组和 2 组患者的平均年龄分别为 42.5 岁和 40.6 岁。1 组和 2 组患者的基线时的平均 HbA1c 水平分别为 7.7%和 4.5%。在 18 个月和 36 个月的随访时，1 组和 2 组患者的平均 HbA1c 水平分别为 6.6%和 4.5%和 6.5%和 4.4%。接受短种植体和长种植体的患者的 T2DM 平均病程分别为 4.3 年和 4.1 年。在 18 个月和 36 个月的随访时，在两组患者中，种植体周围的 PI、BOP、PD 和 CBL 无显著差异。两组短种植体和长种植体的成功率均为 100%。
结论
在患有和不患有 T2DM 的患者中，短种植体在临床和影像学方面的稳定性与传统的长种植体相似。在这种情况下，口腔卫生和血糖控制的作用不容忽视。
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