Ryan Sarah M, Strege Marlene V, Oar Ella L, Ollendick Thomas H
Child Study Center, Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States.
Child Study Center, Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2017 Mar;54:128-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.07.011. Epub 2016 Jul 20.
One-Session Treatment (OST) for specific phobias has been shown to be effective in reducing phobia severity; however, the effect of different types of co-occurring anxiety disorders on OST outcomes is unknown. The present study examined (1) the effects of co-occurring generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), or another non-targeted specific phobia (OSP) on the efficacy of OST for specific phobias, and (2) the effects of OST on these co-occurring disorders following treatment.
Three groups of 18 youth (7-15 years) with a specific phobia and comorbid GAD, SAD, or OSP were matched on age, gender, and phobia type. Outcome measures included diagnostic status and severity, and clinician rated improvement.
All groups demonstrated an improvement in their specific phobia following treatment. Treatment was equally effective regardless of co-occurring anxiety disorder. In addition, comorbid anxiety disorders improved following OST; however, this effect was not equal across groups. The SAD group showed poorer improvement in their comorbid disorder than the GAD group post-treatment. However, the SAD group continued to improve and this differential effect was not evident six-months following treatment.
The current study sample was small, with insufficient power to detect small and medium effect sizes. Further, the sample only included a portion of individuals with primary GAD or SAD, which may have attenuated the findings.
The current study demonstrated that co-occurring anxiety disorders did not interfere with phobia treatment. OST, despite targeting a single specific phobia type, significantly reduced comorbid symptomatology across multiple anxiety disorders.
针对特定恐惧症的单次治疗（OST）已被证明能有效降低恐惧症的严重程度；然而，不同类型共病焦虑症对OST治疗效果的影响尚不清楚。本研究调查了（1）共病广泛性焦虑症（GAD）、社交焦虑症（SAD）或另一种非目标特定恐惧症（OSP）对特定恐惧症OST疗效的影响，以及（2）治疗后OST对这些共病疾病的影响。
三组18名（7至15岁）患有特定恐惧症且合并GAD、SAD或OSP的青少年在年龄、性别和恐惧症类型上进行了匹配。结果测量包括诊断状态和严重程度，以及临床医生评定的改善情况。
所有组在治疗后其特定恐惧症均有改善。无论共病焦虑症如何，治疗效果相同。此外，共病焦虑症在OST治疗后有所改善；然而，各组的效果并不相同。治疗后，SAD组共病疾病的改善情况比GAD组差。然而，SAD组持续改善，且治疗六个月后这种差异效应不明显。
本研究样本量小，检测中小效应量的能力不足。此外，样本仅包括部分原发性GAD或SAD患者，这可能削弱了研究结果。
本研究表明，共病焦虑症不会干扰恐惧症治疗。尽管OST针对单一特定恐惧症类型，但它能显著减轻多种焦虑症的共病症状。
