酗酒会增加面部创伤吗？
Alcohol abusive use increases facial trauma?
作者信息
Soares-Carneiro S-C-A, Vasconcelos B-C, Matos da-Silva G-S, de-Barros-Caldas L-C, Porto G-G, Leal J-F, Catunda I
机构信息
University of Pernambuco, Av. General Newton Cavalcanti, 1650 Camaragibe-PE/Brasil, CEP:54753-220,
出版信息
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2016 Sep 1;21(5):e547-53. doi: 10.4317/medoral.21011.
BACKGROUND
Trauma is among the main death causes and morbidity in the world and is often related to the use of alcohol and its abuse has reached massive proportions, no matter if the country is developed or not, being considered as public health problem. Since there are very few randomized and prospective studies in literature about the association of facial trauma and the use of alcohol, this study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol use in facial trauma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This was a prospective and cross sectional study, involving facial trauma patients attended at Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Division of a State Hospital. Variables included patient's profile, trauma etiology, facial region involved, type of injury and treatment and days of hospitalization. AUDIT test was applied to identify risks and damages of alcohol use and chemical dependence. Absolute distribution, uni and mutilvaried percentages were made for data evaluation. Pearson's qui-squared and Fisher's Exact tests were also used.
RESULTS
One hundred patients were evaluated. The patient's mean age was 33.50 years-old, 48% had between 17 and 29 years old, 28% had 30 to 39, and 24% 40 or more. Most of them were male (86%). The most frequent etiology was traffic accident (57%), the extraoral area was most committed (62%), the most frequent type of injury was fractures (78%) and the most affected bone was the mandible (36%). More than half of the patients (53%) had surgical treatment. 38% had their discharge from hospital right after the first attendance. The AUDIT most frequent answer was "moderate use" (46%) and use at risk (39%). There was significant difference between the use of alcohol (AUDIT) and hematoma (0.003) and number of days of hospitalization (p=0.005).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study it was not observed association between alcohol consumption using the AUDIT and trauma etiology, but patient victims of traffic accidents were classified as with risk in the scale. Most of the trauma were caused by traffic accidents using motorcycles and occurred in young aged men.
背景
创伤是全球主要的死亡原因和发病因素之一，且常常与酒精使用有关，无论国家是否发达，酒精滥用都已达到大规模程度，被视为一个公共卫生问题。由于文献中关于面部创伤与酒精使用关联的随机前瞻性研究非常少，本研究旨在调查酒精使用对面部创伤的影响。
材料与方法
这是一项前瞻性横断面研究，纳入了一家国立医院口腔颌面外科就诊的面部创伤患者。变量包括患者资料、创伤病因、受累面部区域、损伤类型及治疗情况和住院天数。应用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）来识别酒精使用的风险和损害以及化学依赖情况。对数据进行绝对分布、单变量和多变量百分比分析以进行评估。还使用了皮尔逊卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验。
结果
共评估了100名患者。患者的平均年龄为33.50岁，48%的患者年龄在17至29岁之间，28%的患者年龄在30至39岁之间，24%的患者年龄在40岁及以上。大多数患者为男性（86%）。最常见的病因是交通事故（57%），口外区域受累最为常见（62%），最常见的损伤类型是骨折（78%），受影响最严重的骨骼是下颌骨（36%）。超过一半的患者（53%）接受了手术治疗。38%的患者在首次就诊后即出院。AUDIT测试中最常见的答案是“适度饮酒”（46%）和有风险饮酒（39%）。酒精使用（通过AUDIT评估）与血肿（0.003）和住院天数（p = 0.005）之间存在显著差异。
结论
在本研究中，未观察到使用AUDIT评估的酒精消费与创伤病因之间的关联，但交通事故受害者在该量表中被归类为有风险。大多数创伤是由骑摩托车发生的交通事故导致的，且发生在年轻男性中。
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