Garraud Olivier, Filho Luiz Amorim, Laperche Syria, Tayou-Tagny Claude, Pozzetto Bruno
Université de Lyon, faculté de médecine de Saint-Étienne, GIMAP 3064, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Institut national de la transfusion sanguine, 6, rue Alexandre-Cabanel, 75015 Paris, France.
Hemorio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Presse Med. 2016 Jul-Aug;45(7-8 Pt 2):e303-11. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2016.06.022. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
Transfusion has been tainted with the risk of contracting an infection - often severe - and fears about this risk are still prevailing, in sharp contrast with the actual risk in Western countries. Those actual risks are rather immunological, technical (overload) or metabolic. Meanwhile, in developing countries and particularly in Africa, transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) are still frequent, because of both the scarcity of volunteer blood donors and resources and the high incidence and prevalence of infections. Global safety of blood components has been declared as a goal to be attained everywhere by the World Heath Organization (WHO). However, this challenge is difficult to meet because of several intricate factors, of which the emergence of infectious agents, low income and breaches in sanitation and hygiene. This review aims at encompassing the situation of TTIs in different settings and means that can be deployed to improve the situation where this can possibly be.
输血一直存在感染风险，而且往往很严重，人们对这种风险的担忧依然普遍，这与西方国家的实际风险形成鲜明对比。那些实际风险更多是免疫性、技术性（超负荷）或代谢性的。与此同时，在发展中国家，尤其是非洲，由于自愿献血者和资源稀缺以及感染的高发病率和流行率，输血传播感染（TTIs）仍然很常见。世界卫生组织（WHO）已宣布血液成分的全球安全是各地都要实现的目标。然而，由于一些复杂因素，这一挑战难以应对，其中包括传染源的出现、低收入以及卫生和清洁方面的漏洞。本综述旨在全面了解不同情况下输血传播感染的状况以及在可能的情况下可用于改善这种状况的方法。
