Chen Hui-Ya, Chang Hsiao-Yun, Ju Yan-Ying, Tsao Hung-Ting
a School of Physical Therapy , Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan.
b Physical Therapy Room , Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Jun;35(12):1197-1203. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1216154. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Rhythmic gymnasts specialise in dynamic balance under sensory conditions of numerous somatosensory, visual, and vestibular stimulations. This study investigated whether adolescent rhythmic gymnasts are superior to peers in Sensory Organisation test (SOT) performance, which quantifies the ability to maintain standing balance in six sensory conditions, and explored whether they plateaued faster during familiarisation with the SOT. Three and six sessions of SOTs were administered to 15 female rhythmic gymnasts (15.0 ± 1.8 years) and matched peers (15.1 ± 2.1 years), respectively. The gymnasts were superior to their peers in terms of fitness measures, and their performance was better in the SOT equilibrium score when visual information was unreliable. The SOT learning effects were shown in more challenging sensory conditions between Sessions 1 and 2 and were equivalent in both groups; however, over time, the gymnasts gained marginally significant better visual ability and relied less on visual sense when unreliable. In conclusion, adolescent rhythmic gymnasts have generally the same sensory organisation ability and learning rates as their peers. However, when visual information is unreliable, they have superior sensory organisation ability and learn faster to rely less on visual sense.
艺术体操运动员擅长在多种体感、视觉和前庭刺激的感觉条件下保持动态平衡。本研究调查了青少年艺术体操运动员在感觉统合测试（SOT）中的表现是否优于同龄人，该测试量化了在六种感觉条件下保持站立平衡的能力，并探讨了他们在熟悉SOT的过程中是否更快达到平稳状态。分别对15名女性艺术体操运动员（15.0±1.8岁）和匹配的同龄人（15.1±2.1岁）进行了三轮和六轮SOT测试。在体能指标方面，体操运动员优于同龄人，并且在视觉信息不可靠时，他们在SOT平衡分数上的表现更好。SOT学习效果在第1次和第2次测试之间更具挑战性的感觉条件下显现出来，并且两组相当；然而，随着时间的推移，体操运动员在视觉能力上略有显著提高，并且在视觉信息不可靠时对视觉的依赖减少。总之，青少年艺术体操运动员的感觉统合能力和学习速度总体上与同龄人相同。然而，当视觉信息不可靠时，他们具有更强的感觉统合能力，并且能更快地学会减少对视觉的依赖。
