Jefimova Jekaterina, Adamson Jasper, Reinik Janek, Irha Natalya
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
Tallinn University of Technology, Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Ehitajate St 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Oct;23(20):20862-20870. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7300-2. Epub 2016 Aug 2.
The present study focuses on the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils amended with oil shale ash (OSA). Leachability studies to assess the release of PAHs to the environment are essential before the application of OSA in agriculture. A quantitative estimation of the leaching of PAHs from two types of soil and two types of OSA was undertaken in this study. Two leaching approaches were chosen: (1) a traditional one step leaching scheme and (2) a leaching scheme with pretreatment, i.e.., incubation of the material in wet conditions imitating the field conditions, followed by a traditional leaching procedure keeping the total amount of water constant. The total amount of PAHs leached from soil/OSA mixtures was in the range of 15 to 48 μg/kg. The amount of total PAHs leached was higher for the incubation method, compared to the traditional leaching method, particularly for Podzolic Gleysols soil. This suggests that for the incubation method, the content of organic matter and clay minerals of the soil influence the fate of PAHs more strongly compared to the traditional leaching scheme. The amount of PAHs leached from OSA samples is higher than from soil/OSA mixtures, which suggests soils to inhibit the release of PAHs. Calculated amount of PAHs from experimental soil and OSA leaching experiments differed considerably from real values. Thus, it is not possible to estimate the amount of PAHs leached from soil/OSA mixtures based on the knowledge of the amount of PAHs leached from soil and OSA samples separately.
本研究聚焦于用油页岩灰（OSA）改良的土壤中多环芳烃（PAHs）的归宿。在农业中应用油页岩灰之前，进行浸出性研究以评估多环芳烃向环境中的释放至关重要。本研究对两种类型的土壤和两种类型的油页岩灰中多环芳烃的浸出进行了定量估算。选择了两种浸出方法：（1）传统的一步浸出方案；（2）预处理浸出方案，即在模拟田间条件的潮湿环境中对材料进行培养，然后采用保持总水量恒定的传统浸出程序。从土壤/油页岩灰混合物中浸出的多环芳烃总量在15至48μg/kg范围内。与传统浸出方法相比，培养法浸出的总多环芳烃量更高，尤其是对于灰化潜育土。这表明，与传统浸出方案相比，对于培养法，土壤中的有机质和粘土矿物含量对多环芳烃的归宿影响更强。从油页岩灰样品中浸出的多环芳烃量高于从土壤/油页岩灰混合物中浸出的量，这表明土壤会抑制多环芳烃的释放。根据实验土壤和油页岩灰浸出实验计算出的多环芳烃量与实际值有很大差异。因此，不可能根据分别从土壤和油页岩灰样品中浸出的多环芳烃量来估算从土壤/油页岩灰混合物中浸出的多环芳烃量。
