Shridhar Krithiga, Millett Christopher, Laverty Anthony A, Alam Dewan, Dias Amit, Williams Joseph, Dhillon Preet K
Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, 4th Floor, Plot.No.47, Sector 44, Gurgaon, 122002, Haryana, India.
Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, Reynolds Building, Charing Cross Campus, London, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2016 Aug 2;16:690. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3353-x.
We report the prevalence of recommended physical activity levels (RPALs) and examine the correlates of achieving RPALs in rural South Asian children and analyse its association with anthropometric outcomes.
This analysis on rural South Asian children aged 5-14 years (n = 564) is a part of the Chronic Disease Risk Factor study conducted at three sites in India (Chennai n = 146; Goa n = 218) and Bangladesh (Matlab; n = 200). Data on socio-demographic and lifestyle factors (physical activity (PA); diet) were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaires, along with objective anthropometric measurements. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine whether RPALs (active travel to school (yes/no); leisure-time PA ≥ 1 h/day; sedentary-activity ≤ 2 h/day) were associated with socio-demographic factors, diet and other forms of PA. Multivariate linear regression models were used to investigate associations between RPALs and anthropometrics (BMI- and waist z-scores).
The majority of children (71.8 %) belonged to households where a parent had at least a secondary education. Two-thirds (66.7 %) actively travelled to school; 74.6 % reported ≥1 h/day of leisure-time PA and 55.7 % had ≤2 h/day of sedentary-activity; 25.2 % of children reported RPALs in all three dimensions. Older (10-14 years, OR = 2.0; 95 % CI: 1.3, 3.0) and female (OR = 1.7; 95 % CI: 1.1, 2.5) children were more likely to travel actively to school. Leisure-time PA ≥ 1 h/day was more common among boys (OR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5, 4.0), children in Matlab, Bangladesh (OR = 3.0; 95 % CI: 1.6, 5.5), and those with higher processed-food consumption (OR = 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.2, 4.1). Sedentary activity ≤ 2 h/day was associated with younger children (5-9 years, OR = 1.6; 95 % CI: 1.1, 2.4), children of Goa (OR = 3.5; 95 % CI: 2.1, 6.1) and Chennai (OR = 2.5; 95 % CI: 1.5, 4.3) and low household education (OR = 2.1; 95 % CI: 1.1, 4.1). In multivariate analyses, sedentary activity ≤ 2 h/day was associated with lower BMI-z-scores (β = -0.3; 95 % CI: -0.5, -0.08) and lower waist-z-scores (β = -1.1; 95 % CI: -2.2, -0.07).
Only one quarter of children in these rural areas achieved RPAL in active travel, leisure and sedentary activity. Improved understanding of RPAL in rural South Asian children is important due to rapid socio-economic transition.
我们报告了推荐身体活动水平（RPALs）的患病率，研究了南亚农村儿童达到RPALs的相关因素，并分析了其与人体测量结果的关联。
这项针对5至14岁南亚农村儿童（n = 564）的分析是在印度三个地点（金奈n = 146；果阿n = 218）和孟加拉国（马特莱；n = 200）进行的慢性病风险因素研究的一部分。通过访员管理的问卷收集社会人口学和生活方式因素（身体活动（PA）；饮食）的数据，同时进行客观的人体测量。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来检验RPALs（步行上学（是/否）；休闲时间PA≥1小时/天；久坐活动≤2小时/天）是否与社会人口学因素、饮食和其他形式的PA相关。使用多变量线性回归模型来研究RPALs与人体测量指标（BMI和腰围z评分）之间的关联。
大多数儿童（71.8%）来自父母至少有中学教育程度的家庭。三分之二（66.7%）的儿童步行上学；74.6%的儿童报告休闲时间PA≥1小时/天，55.7%的儿童久坐活动≤2小时/天；25.2%的儿童在所有三个方面都达到了RPALs。年龄较大（10至14岁，OR = 2.0；95%CI：1.3，3.0）和女性（OR = 1.7；95%CI：1.1，2.5）儿童更有可能步行上学。休闲时间PA≥1小时/天在男孩中更为常见（OR = 2.5；95%CI：1.5，4.0），在孟加拉国马特莱的儿童中（OR = 3.0；95%CI：1.6，5.5），以及加工食品消费量较高的儿童中（OR = 2.3；95%CI：1.2，4.1）。久坐活动≤2小时/天与年龄较小的儿童（5至9岁，OR = 1.6；95%CI：1.1，2.4）、果阿（OR = 3.5；95%CI：2.1，6.1）和金奈（OR = 2.5；95%CI：1.5，4.3）的儿童以及家庭教育程度低（OR = 2.1；95%CI：1.1，4.1）相关。在多变量分析中，久坐活动≤2小时/天与较低的BMI-z评分（β = -0.3；95%CI：-0.5，-0.08）和较低的腰围-z评分（β = -1.1；95%CI：-2.2，-0.07）相关。
在这些农村地区，只有四分之一的儿童在步行上学、休闲和久坐活动方面达到了RPALs。由于社会经济的快速转型，更好地了解南亚农村儿童的RPALs非常重要。
