Micklesfield Lisa K, Pedro Titilola M, Kahn Kathleen, Kinsman John, Pettifor John M, Tollman Stephen, Norris Shane A
MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jan 16;14:40. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-40.
Physical inactivity is increasing among children and adolescents and may be contributing to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. This study examines physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns, and explores associations with individual, maternal, household, and community factors amongst rural South African adolescents.
In 2009, 381 subjects, stratified by ages 11-12-years and 14-15-years, were randomly selected from 3511 children and adolescents who had participated in a growth survey two years previously. Weight and height were measured and self-reported Tanner pubertal stage was collected. A questionnaire quantifying frequency and duration of physical activity (PA) domains and sedentary time for the previous 12 months was administered. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA mins/wk) was calculated for time spent in school and club sport. Socio-demographic and other related data were included from the Agincourt health and socio-demographic system (HDSS). The Agincourt HDSS was established in 1992 and collects prospective data on the community living in the Agincourt sub-district of Mpumalanga Province in rural north-east South Africa.
Puberty, maternal education and socio-economic status (SES) contributed significantly to the mulitiple linear regression model for sedentary behavior (R2 = 0.199; adjusted R2 = 0.139; p < 0.000), and sex, SES and maternal education contributed to the tobit regression model for school and club sport MVPA (p < 0.000). MVPA, calculated from school and club sport, was higher in boys than girls (p < 0.001), and informal activity was lower (boys: p < 0.05 and girls: p < 0.01) while sedentary time was higher (girls: p < 0.01) in the older than the younger groups. Ninety-two percent (92%) of the sample reported walking for transport.
In this study of rural South African adolescent boys and girls, SES at the maternal, household and community level independently predicted time spent in sedentary behaviors, and school and club MVPA. This study provides local data that can be used to develop health promotion strategies specific to this community, and other similar communities in developing countries.
儿童和青少年身体活动不足的情况日益普遍，这可能是超重和肥胖患病率上升的原因之一。本研究调查了南非农村青少年的身体活动和久坐行为模式，并探讨了其与个体、母亲、家庭和社区因素之间的关联。
2009年，从两年前参加过生长发育调查的3511名儿童和青少年中，随机抽取了381名受试者，按11至12岁和14至15岁分层。测量了体重和身高，并收集了自我报告的坦纳青春期阶段。发放了一份问卷，用于量化过去12个月身体活动（PA）领域的频率和持续时间以及久坐时间。计算了在校和俱乐部运动中花费时间的中等强度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA分钟/周）。社会人口统计学和其他相关数据来自阿金库尔健康与社会人口统计系统（HDSS）。阿金库尔HDSS于'1992年建立，收集南非东北部农村姆普马兰加省阿金库尔分区社区的前瞻性数据。
青春期、母亲教育程度和社会经济地位（SES）对久坐行为的多元线性回归模型有显著贡献（R2 = 0.199；调整后R2 = 0.139；p < 0.000），性别、SES和母亲教育程度对在校和俱乐部运动MVPA的托比特回归模型有贡献（p < 0.000）。通过在校和俱乐部运动计算得出的MVPA，男孩高于女孩（p < 0.001），非正式活动较低（男孩：p < 0.05，女孩：p < 0.01），而年龄较大组的久坐时间高于年龄较小组（女孩：p < 0.01）。92%的样本报告步行出行。
在这项针对南非农村青少年男孩和女孩的研究中，母亲、家庭和社区层面的SES独立预测了久坐行为时间以及在校和俱乐部的MVPA。本研究提供了可用于制定针对该社区及发展中国家其他类似社区的健康促进策略的本地数据。
