Gomerep S S, Eze U A, Chiegboka L O, Olanipekun T O, Ezeudu C C, Shityo T, Isa S E
Niger J Med. 2015 Jul-Sep;24(3):201-6.
Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in Nigeria due mainly to the high burden of HIV/AIDS and especially in Benue state which has the highest prevalence of HIV in Nigeria. Sputum smear examination is of importance in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB and can be smear-positive or negative. In this study, we analyzed the sputum smear results of all patients diagnosed to have PTB during the time under review.
The study was a retrospective study done with records of patients diagnosed with PTB between July 2009 and July 2011. The sample size was 305.
To determine the smear patterns in pulmonary tuberculosis and its relationship with HIV status.
There was slight male preponderance among the study group. 37% were found to be smear positive, out of which 63.7% and 36.3% were males and females respectively. The highest frequency was between 21-40 years and in this age group there were more males than females.72.1% wereTB/HIV co-infected and 29.1% of the TB/HIV co-infected patients had smear-positiveTuberculosis.
There is a high burden of TB/HIV co-infection affecting predominantly the youths. Sputum smear results in TB/HIV co-infection are largely negative. There is the need for provision of other diagnostic tests to improve the diagnosis of TB in our environment and targeted intervention among the youth to reduce the burden of TB/HIV.
结核病在尼日利亚呈地方性流行，主要原因是艾滋病毒/艾滋病负担沉重，尤其是在贝努埃州，该州是尼日利亚艾滋病毒感染率最高的地区。痰涂片检查对肺结核的诊断很重要，结果可为涂片阳性或阴性。在本研究中，我们分析了在审查期间所有被诊断为肺结核患者的痰涂片结果。
本研究为回顾性研究，使用了2009年7月至2011年7月期间诊断为肺结核患者的记录。样本量为305例。
确定肺结核的涂片模式及其与艾滋病毒感染状况的关系。
研究组中男性略占多数。37%的患者痰涂片呈阳性，其中男性和女性分别占63.7%和36.3%。最高发病频率在21至40岁之间，该年龄组男性多于女性。72.1%的患者合并感染艾滋病毒，在合并感染艾滋病毒的结核病患者中，29.1%痰涂片呈阳性。
结核病/艾滋病毒合并感染负担沉重，主要影响年轻人。结核病/艾滋病毒合并感染患者的痰涂片结果大多为阴性。有必要提供其他诊断检测方法，以改善我们环境中结核病的诊断，并对年轻人进行有针对性的干预，以减轻结核病/艾滋病毒的负担。
