Loginova N P, Chetvertnykh V A, Chemurziyeva N V
Morfologiia. 2016;149(1):57-63.
Biopsy specimens of the thymus were studied in children aged under 11 months (n = 77) with congenital heart defects and circulatory hypoxia of varying severity. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Shubich's method (to demonstrate mast cells). The expression of Ki-67, CD3 and CD34 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure of thymic tissues was also examined. It was found that the severity of hypoxia determined the morphological changes in the organ associated with a development of large complex of tissue reactions. A disruption of internal structure and a loss of integrity of epithelio-reticular cells and thymocytes were demonstrated in ultrathin sections. Thymocyte proliferation index (Ki-67) and thymocytopoiesis intensity (CD3+) were reduced in all the zones of the thymus. The degree of hypoxia affected the redistribution of CD3+ lymphocytes leading to their accumulation in the medulla. The processes of endogenous regeneration took place which involved the cells of fibroblastic line and progenitor cells (CD34+) together with active formation of new blood vessels. These findings suggest that the morphological changes identified in the tissues of the thymus are a manifestation of tissue adaptation to hypoxia of varying severity under conditions of endogenous regeneration, simultaneously reflecting the processes of substitution cytogenesis.
对11个月以下患有先天性心脏缺陷且存在不同程度循环性缺氧的儿童（n = 77）的胸腺活检标本进行了研究。组织学切片用苏木精 - 伊红和舒比奇法（用于显示肥大细胞）染色。通过免疫组织化学评估Ki-67、CD3和CD34的表达。还检查了胸腺组织的超微结构。发现缺氧的严重程度决定了与大型复杂组织反应发展相关的器官形态变化。超薄切片显示上皮网状细胞和胸腺细胞的内部结构破坏和完整性丧失。胸腺各区域的胸腺细胞增殖指数（Ki-67）和胸腺细胞生成强度（CD3+）均降低。缺氧程度影响CD3+淋巴细胞的重新分布，导致它们在髓质中积聚。发生了内源性再生过程，涉及成纤维细胞系细胞和祖细胞（CD34+）以及新血管的活跃形成。这些发现表明，胸腺组织中确定的形态变化是内源性再生条件下组织对不同严重程度缺氧的适应性表现，同时反映了替代细胞生成过程。
