Buysse D J, Reynolds C F, Monk T H, Berman S R, Kupfer D J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
Despite the prevalence of sleep complaints among psychiatric patients, few questionnaires have been specifically designed to measure sleep quality in clinical populations. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven "component" scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score. Clinical and clinimetric properties of the PSQI were assessed over an 18-month period with "good" sleepers (healthy subjects, n = 52) and "poor" sleepers (depressed patients, n = 54; sleep-disorder patients, n = 62). Acceptable measures of internal homogeneity, consistency (test-retest reliability), and validity were obtained. A global PSQI score greater than 5 yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 86.5% (kappa = 0.75, p less than 0.001) in distinguishing good and poor sleepers. The clinimetric and clinical properties of the PSQI suggest its utility both in psychiatric clinical practice and research activities.
尽管精神科患者中睡眠问题普遍存在，但专门设计用于测量临床人群睡眠质量的问卷却很少。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）是一份自评问卷，用于评估1个月时间间隔内的睡眠质量和干扰情况。19个单项生成7个“成分”得分：主观睡眠质量、入睡潜伏期、睡眠时间、习惯性睡眠效率、睡眠干扰、使用睡眠药物情况以及日间功能障碍。这七个成分得分的总和产生一个总体得分。在18个月的时间里，对“睡眠良好者”（健康受试者，n = 52）和“睡眠不佳者”（抑郁症患者，n = 54；睡眠障碍患者，n = 62）评估了PSQI的临床和测量学特性。获得了可接受的内部同质性、一致性（重测信度）和效度测量结果。在区分睡眠良好者和睡眠不佳者时，PSQI总体得分大于5的诊断敏感性为89.6%，特异性为86.5%（kappa = 0.75，p < 0.001）。PSQI的测量学和临床特性表明其在精神科临床实践和研究活动中均有用处。
