Levitan Emily B, Ahmed Ali, Arnett Donna K, Polak Joseph F, Hundley W Gregory, Bluemke David A, Heckbert Susan R, Jacobs David R, Nettleton Jennifer A
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL;
Center for Health and Aging, Washington DC VA Medical Center, Washington, DC;
Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Sep;104(3):595-602. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.128579. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
Data are limited on the relation between dietary patterns and left ventricular (LV) structure and function.
We examined cross-sectional associations of a diet-score assessment of a Mediterranean dietary pattern with LV mass, volume, mass-to-volume ratio, stroke volume, and ejection fraction.
We measured LV variables with the use of cardiac MRI in 4497 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis study who were aged 45-84 y and without clinical cardiovascular disease. We calculated a Mediterranean diet score from intakes of fruit, vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole grains, fish, red meat, the monounsaturated fat:saturated fat ratio, and alcohol that were self-reported with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire. We used linear regression with adjustment for body size, physical activity, and cardiovascular disease risk factors to model associations and assess the shape of these associations (linear or quadratic).
The Mediterranean diet score had a slight U-shaped association with LV mass (adjusted means: 146, 145, 146, and 147 g across quartiles of diet score, respectively; P-quadratic trend = 0.04). The score was linearly associated with LV volume, stroke volume, and ejection fraction: for each +1-U difference in score, LV volume was 0.4 mL higher (95% CI: 0.0, 0.8 mL higher), the stroke volume was 0.5 mL higher (95% CI: 0.2, 0.8 mL higher), and the ejection fraction was 0.2 percentage points higher (95% CI: 0.1, 0.3 percentage points higher). The score was not associated with the mass-to-volume ratio.
A higher Mediterranean diet score is cross-sectionally associated with a higher LV mass, which is balanced by a higher LV volume as well as a higher ejection fraction and stroke volume. Participants in this healthy, multiethnic sample whose dietary patterns most closely conformed to a Mediterranean-type pattern had a modestly better LV structure and function than did participants with less-Mediterranean-like dietary patterns. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005487.
关于饮食模式与左心室（LV）结构和功能之间关系的数据有限。
我们研究了地中海饮食模式的饮食评分评估与左心室质量、容积、质量与容积比、每搏输出量和射血分数之间的横断面关联。
我们在动脉粥样硬化多民族研究的4497名年龄在45 - 84岁且无临床心血管疾病的参与者中，使用心脏磁共振成像测量左心室变量。我们根据通过食物频率问卷自我报告的水果、蔬菜、坚果、豆类、全谷物、鱼类、红肉、单不饱和脂肪与饱和脂肪的比例以及酒精摄入量计算地中海饮食评分。我们使用线性回归，并对体型、身体活动和心血管疾病风险因素进行调整，以建立关联模型并评估这些关联的形式（线性或二次）。
地中海饮食评分与左心室质量呈轻微的U形关联（饮食评分四分位数对应的调整后均值分别为146、145、146和147克；二次趋势P = 0.04）。该评分与左心室容积、每搏输出量和射血分数呈线性关联：评分每增加1个单位，左心室容积增加0.4毫升（95%置信区间：增加0.0，0.8毫升），每搏输出量增加0.5毫升（95%置信区间：增加0.2，0.8毫升），射血分数增加0.2个百分点（95%置信区间：增加0.1，0.3个百分点）。该评分与质量与容积比无关。
较高的地中海饮食评分与较高的左心室质量呈横断面关联，这通过较高的左心室容积以及较高的射血分数和每搏输出量得以平衡。在这个健康的多民族样本中，饮食模式最符合地中海型模式的参与者的左心室结构和功能比那些饮食模式不太像地中海型的参与者略好。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov注册，注册号为NCT00005487。
