Murphy Jennifer, Gray Katie L H, Cook Richard
Department of Psychology, City University London, Whiskin Street, London, EC1R OJD, UK.
MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2017 Apr;24(2):245-261. doi: 10.3758/s13423-016-1131-5.
Few findings in cognitive science have proved as influential as the composite face effect. When the top half of one face is aligned with the bottom half of another, and presented upright, the resulting composite arrangement induces a compelling percept of a novel facial configuration. Findings obtained using composite face procedures have contributed significantly to our understanding of holistic face processing, the detrimental effects of face inversion, the development of face perception, and aberrant face perception in clinical populations. Composite paradigms continue to advance our knowledge of face perception, as exemplified by their recent use for investigating the perceptual mechanisms underlying dynamic face processing. However, the paradigm has been the subject of intense scrutiny, particularly over the last decade, and there is a growing sense that the composite face illusion, whilst easy to illustrate, is deceptively difficult to measure and interpret. In this review, we provide a focussed overview of the existing composite face literature, and identify six priorities for future research. Addressing these gaps in our knowledge will aid the evaluation and refinement of theoretical accounts of the illusion.
在认知科学中，很少有研究结果能像合成脸效应那样具有影响力。当一张脸的上半部分与另一张脸的下半部分对齐并垂直呈现时，由此产生的合成排列会引发一种对新面部构型的强烈感知。使用合成脸程序获得的研究结果对我们理解整体面部处理、面部倒置的有害影响、面部感知的发展以及临床人群中的异常面部感知做出了重大贡献。合成范式不断推进我们对面部感知的认识，最近它们被用于研究动态面部处理背后的感知机制就是例证。然而，该范式一直是深入研究的对象，尤其是在过去十年中，人们越来越感觉到，合成脸错觉虽然很容易展示，但实际上很难测量和解释。在这篇综述中，我们重点概述了现有的合成脸文献，并确定了未来研究的六个优先事项。填补我们知识中的这些空白将有助于评估和完善关于这种错觉的理论解释。
