Ghasemi Mohamad Sadegh, Hosseinzadeh Payam, Zamani Farhad, Ahmadpoor Hossein, Dehghan Naser
a Department of Ergonomics , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Iran.
b Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Iran.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2017 Dec;23(4):519-523. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1216763. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are injuries and disorders that affect the body's movement and musculoskeletal system. Awkward postures represent one of the major ergonomic risk factors that cause WMSDs among sonographers while working with an ultrasound transducer. This study aimed to design and evaluate a new holder for the ultrasound transducer.
In the first phase a new holder was designed for the transducer, considering design principles. Evaluation of the new holder was then carried out by electrogoniometry and a locally perceived discomfort (LPD) scale.
The application of design principles to the new holder resulted in an improvement of wrist posture and comfort. Wrist angles in extension, flexion, radial deviation and ulnar deviation were lower with utilization of the new holder. The severity of discomfort based on the LPD method in the two modes of work with and without the new holder was reported with values of 1.3 and 1.8, respectively (p < 0.05).
Overall, this study indicated that applying ergonomics design principles was effective in minimizing wrist deviation and increasing comfort while working with the new holder.
工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSDs）是影响身体运动和肌肉骨骼系统的损伤与疾病。在超声检查中，使用超声换能器时，不良姿势是导致超声检查技师出现WMSDs的主要工效学风险因素之一。本研究旨在设计并评估一种新型超声换能器固定器。
第一阶段，依据设计原则为换能器设计了一种新型固定器。然后通过电子测角法和局部感知不适（LPD）量表对新型固定器进行评估。
将设计原则应用于新型固定器，使手腕姿势和舒适度得到改善。使用新型固定器时，手腕伸展、屈曲、桡侧偏斜和尺侧偏斜角度均降低。根据LPD方法，在使用和不使用新型固定器的两种工作模式下，不适严重程度分别为1.3和1.8（p < 0.05）。
总体而言，本研究表明应用工效学设计原则可有效减少使用新型固定器时手腕的偏斜并提高舒适度。
