Alizadeh Shaban, Azizi Seyed Ghader, Soleimani Masoud, Farshi Yadollah, Kashani Khatib Zahra
Hematology Department, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2016 Jul 1;10(3):172-85.
MiRs are 17-25 nucleotide non-coding RNAs. These RNAs target approximately 80% of protein coding mRNAs. MiRs control gene expression and altered expression of them affects the development of cancer. MiRs can function as tumor suppressor via down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and may function as oncogenes by suppressing tumor suppressors. Myeloproliferative neoplasias (formerly known as chronic myeloproliferative disorders) form a class of hematologic malignancies demonstrating the expansion of stem cells in one or more hematopoietic cell lines. CML results from an acquired translocation known as BCR-ABL (Philadelphia chromosome). JAK2V617F mutation is present in over 95% of PV, 55% of ET and 65% of PMF cases. Aberrant expression of miR is associated with myeloproliferative neoplasias, pathogenesis, disease progress and response to treatment. MiRs can also be potential therapeutic targets. CML is mainly treated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib. In addition, altered function of miRs may be used as a prognostic factor in treatment. Resistance to Imatinib is currently a major clinical problem. The role of a number of miRs has been demonstrated in this resistance. Changing expression pattern of miRs can be effective in response to treatment and inhibition of drug resistance. In this paper, we set out to evaluate the effect of miRs in pathogenesis and treatment of MPN.
微小RNA（miRs）是17 - 25个核苷酸的非编码RNA。这些RNA靶向约80%的蛋白质编码信使核糖核酸（mRNAs）。微小RNA控制基因表达，其表达改变会影响癌症的发展。微小RNA可通过下调原癌基因发挥肿瘤抑制作用，也可能通过抑制肿瘤抑制因子发挥癌基因作用。骨髓增殖性肿瘤（以前称为慢性骨髓增殖性疾病）是一类血液系统恶性肿瘤，表现为一种或多种造血细胞系中干细胞的扩增。慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）由一种称为BCR - ABL（费城染色体）的获得性易位引起。JAK2V617F突变存在于超过95%的真性红细胞增多症（PV）、55%的原发性血小板增多症（ET）和65%的原发性骨髓纤维化（PMF）病例中。微小RNA的异常表达与骨髓增殖性肿瘤、发病机制、疾病进展及治疗反应相关。微小RNA也可能是潜在的治疗靶点。慢性粒细胞白血病主要通过酪氨酸激酶抑制剂如伊马替尼进行治疗。此外，微小RNA功能的改变可作为治疗中的一个预后因素。对伊马替尼的耐药性目前是一个主要的临床问题。许多微小RNA在这种耐药性中所起的作用已得到证实。改变微小RNA的表达模式可能对治疗反应和抑制耐药性有效。在本文中，我们着手评估微小RNA在骨髓增殖性肿瘤发病机制和治疗中的作用。
