Pace University, Department of Psychology, New York City, NY, United States; Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, United States.
Sagamore Children's Psychiatric Center, Dix Hills, NY, United States.
Psychiatry Res. 2016 Oct 30;244:223-8. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.049. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
Despite established differences in cognitive functioning of adults with mood disorder-related psychosis and those with non-affective psychotic disorders, there is limited evidence of the impact of psychotic symptoms on the cognitive functioning of children and adolescents with mood disorders. This study investigates IQ, working memory, and processing speed scores in 80 child and adolescent inpatients discharged from an intermediate care state psychiatric hospital, using a retrospective chart review. Associations between diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria (7 with Major Depression- MDD; 43 with Bipolar Disorders-BD, and 30 with Mood Disorders Not Otherwise Specified-NOS), presence of current psychotic features, and cognitive functioning (WISC-IV IQ, Coding, Symbol Search, and Digit Span) were investigated using Multivariate Analyses of Variance. No differences were found in cognitive functioning between patients with MDD and BD, or between those with severe Mood Disorders (MDD or BD) and those with NOS, when controlling for age, gender, and presence of psychotic features. However, patients with severe mood disorders and psychotic features showed lower IQs and greater working memory deficits than those without psychotic features or NOS. Results are discussed in terms of treatment planning for children and adolescents at risk for developing psychotic symptoms and severe mood disorders.
尽管心境障碍相关精神病和非情感性精神病患者的认知功能存在既定差异，但对于心境障碍儿童和青少年的精神病症状对认知功能的影响，证据有限。本研究通过回顾性图表审查，调查了 80 名从中间护理状态精神病院出院的儿童和青少年住院患者的智商、工作记忆和处理速度评分。使用多元方差分析，根据 DSM-IV 标准（7 名患有重度抑郁症-MDD；43 名患有双相情感障碍-BD，30 名患有心境障碍未特定-NOS）诊断、当前精神病特征存在情况与认知功能（WISC-IV 智商、编码、符号搜索和数字跨度）之间的关联进行了研究。当控制年龄、性别和精神病特征存在情况时，MDD 和 BD 患者之间、严重心境障碍（MDD 或 BD）患者和 NOS 患者之间的认知功能没有差异。然而，严重心境障碍和精神病特征的患者的智商较低，工作记忆缺陷较大，而无精神病特征或 NOS 的患者则没有。结果从有发展精神病症状和严重心境障碍风险的儿童和青少年的治疗计划方面进行了讨论。
