Bai Yeon K, Dinour Lauren M, Pope Gina A
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2016 Sep;61(5):563-570. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.12488. Epub 2016 Aug 10.
The number of young mothers in the workforce and in schools of higher education has steadily increased. In order to maintain a breastfeeding relationship with their children, these mothers need to pump or express breast milk multiple times a day while at work or school. This study examines the factors associated with the intention to pump breast milk at one university campus.
Between January and February 2015, an online survey invitation was sent out to all female employees and students at one university. The survey, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, assessed intentions to pump breast milk on campus. The intention to pump breast milk was examined between employees and students separately. Within these 2 groups, behavioral performers (women who pump or have pumped breast milk while on campus) were compared to nonperformers. Using multiple regression analysis, the most influential predictors of the intention to pump (ie, attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and underlying beliefs) were identified.
A total of 218 women participated in the study (62 employees and 156 students, a 71.7% survey completion rate). Among university employees, the most influential factor that predicted pumping intention among performers was attitude toward pumping (β = 0.36, P = .03). Among student performers, the most influential factor to predict pumping intention was the subjective norm (β = 0.31, P = .02). For student nonperformers, perceived behavioral control (β = 0.54, P < .001) was the most influential factor. Important determinants of the intention to pump on campus included relieving discomfort from engorgement, availability of milk storage, experiencing other people's approval of pumping breast milk, and the inconvenience of carrying pump equipment.
Continued efforts are needed to create a supportive culture for breastfeeding in the campus community as well as to provide pump loan and milk storage options for both employee and student mothers.
在职场和高等院校中的年轻母亲数量一直在稳步增加。为了与孩子保持母乳喂养关系，这些母亲在工作或上学时需要每天多次挤奶或吸奶。本研究探讨了与一所大学校园内挤奶意愿相关的因素。
2015年1月至2月期间，向一所大学的所有女性员工和学生发出了在线调查邀请。该调查基于计划行为理论，评估了在校园内挤奶的意愿。分别对员工和学生的挤奶意愿进行了研究。在这两组人群中，将行为实施者（在校园内挤奶或已经挤过奶的女性）与非行为实施者进行了比较。通过多元回归分析，确定了挤奶意愿的最具影响力的预测因素（即态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和潜在信念）。
共有218名女性参与了该研究（62名员工和156名学生，调查完成率为71.7%）。在大学员工中，预测行为实施者挤奶意愿的最具影响力因素是对挤奶的态度（β = 0.36，P = 0.03）。在学生行为实施者中，预测挤奶意愿的最具影响力因素是主观规范（β = 0.31，P = 0.02）。对于学生非行为实施者，感知行为控制（β = 0.54，P < 0.001）是最具影响力的因素。在校园内挤奶意愿的重要决定因素包括缓解乳房胀痛不适、有乳汁储存条件、感受到他人对挤奶的认可，以及携带吸奶器设备的不便。
需要持续努力在校园社区营造支持母乳喂养的文化氛围，并为员工和学生母亲提供吸奶器借用和乳汁储存的选择。
